COMPARATIVE STUDY OF OMEGA-3 EGG AND NON-OMEGA-3 EGG ADMINISTRATION ON MDA LEVELS IN MALE RATS (Rattus norvegicus) FED A HIGH-FAT DIET
Abstract
A high-fat diet is a major factor contributing to lipid metabolism disorders through increased synthesis and accumulation of cholesterol in the circulation. Hypercholesterolemia is closely associated with elevated oxidative stress, characterized by increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels as a product of lipid peroxidation, thereby increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Omega-3–enriched eggs have been developed as functional foods containing omega-3 fatty acids with potential antioxidant properties that may reduce oxidative stress. This study aimed to determine the difference in blood malondialdehyde levels in high-fat diet–induced rats given omega-3 eggs compared to those given non–omega-3 eggs. This laboratory experimental study employed a post-test only with control group design using male Rattus norvegicus induced with a high-fat diet. The subjects were divided into a healthy control group, a high-fat diet control group, an omega-3 egg treatment group, and a non–omega-3 egg treatment group. After the intervention period, blood malondialdehyde levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method and analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s HSD post hoc test. The results showed a difference (P < 0,05) between the omega-3 egg group and the non–omega-3 egg group, indicating that omega-3 eggs exert a protective effect by attenuating the increase in MDA levels compared to non–omega-3 eggs. Administration of omega-3 eggs resulted in lower malondialdehyde levels compared to non–omega-3 eggs, suggesting that omega-3 content plays a role in suppressing the increase in blood malondialdehyde levels.
References
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Sulaiman, A.G., Sangging, P.R.A. 2024. Malondialdehyde (MDA) sebagai Marker Stres Oksidatif Berbagai Penyakit. Medula. 14(2): 321-325.
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Balachandar J.C., Jayachandran M., Irshad A. 2023. Omega -3 and its anti-inflammatory properties – the key to fight inflammation effectively. Gastroenterol Hepatol Open Access. 14(3): 67‒69. https://doi.org/10.15406/ghoa.2023.14.00548
Bayram, S.S., Kızılta, G. 2024. The Role of Omega‑ 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Diabetes Mellitus Management: A Narrative Review. Current Nutrition Reports. 13: 527–551. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13668-024-00561-9
Campos, I.X., Mishima, M.D.V., Milagro, F.I., Peluzio, M.d.C.G. 2025. A Low-Cost, High-Fat Diet Effectively Induces Obesity and Metabolic Alterations and Diet Normalization Modulates Microbiota in C57BL/6 Mice. Nutrients. 17(3806): 1-20. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17233806
Cunha, L.F., Ongaratto, M.A., Endres, M., Barsehak, A.G. 2019. Modelling hypercholesterolaemia in rats using high cholesterol diet. Int J Exp Path. 102:74–79. https://doi.org/10.1111/iep.12387
Indriputri, C., Maulana, R. 2022. Pengaruh Pemberian Diet Tinggi Lemak Terhadap Profil Lipid dan Gula Darah Puasa Serum Tikus Putih (Rattus Norvegicus) Galur Wistar. Higiene. 8(3): 144-148.
Isdadiyanto, S., Sitasiwi, A. J., Mardiati, S. M. 2024. Profil Lipid Tikus (Rattus norvegicus L.) Hiperlipidemia setelah Terpapar Ekstrak Etanol Biji Mahoni (Swietenia mahagoni). Buletin Anatomi dan Fisiologi. 9(1): 85-92.
Istiqomah, K., Saraswati, H.A.C., Sardjiman, S. 2024. Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Pasien Hiperkolesterolemia Dengan Ketepatan Penggunaan Obat Simvastatin Di Apotek Kecamatan Weru Sukoharjo. OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan. 2(4): 269-281. https://doi.org/10.61132/obat.v2i3.584
Joneri, R., Manalu, J.L., Dewi, R., Arieselia, Z. 2024. Penurunan Kadar Malondialdehid (MDA) Pada Tikus Putih Jantan Hiperlipidemia Oleh Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Bajakah Tampala. Damianus Journal of Medicine. 23(1):35-41. https://doi.org/10.25170/djm.v23i1.4562
Keles, U., Kalem-Yapar, N.E., Hultén, H., Zhao, L. N., & Kaldis, P. 2025. Impact of Short-Term Lipid Overload on Whole-Body Physiology. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 45(2): 47–58. https://doi.org/10.1080/10985549.2024.2438814
Lestari, R.P., Haris, H., Fanani, M.Z., Jumiono, A. 2021. Telur Omega-3: Proses Pembuatan, Pengamatan Kualitas, Foodborne Disease Dan Manfaat Bagi Kesehatan. Jurnal Pangan Halal. 3(2): 1-6.
Mora, I., Pérez-Santamaria, A., Tortajada-Pérez, J., Vázquez-Manrique, R.P., Arola, L., Puiggròs, F. 2023. Structured Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Enhances Motility and Promotes the Antioxidant Capacity of Aged C. elegans. Cells. 12(1932): 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12151932
Perkeni. 2021. Panduan Pengelolaan Dislipidemia di Indonesia. PB Perkeni: Jakarta.
Rahima, D., Purwanto, B., Dwiningsih, S. R. 2021. Omega 3 Supplementation Decrease A Blood Cholestrol Level In Trained Women. Indonesian Midwifery and Health Sciences Journal. 5(1): 13–17. https://doi.org/10.20473/imhsj.v5i1.2021.13-17
Ralahalu, T.N., Ohoilulin, Y.Y., Malle, D. 2023. Kadar Kolesterol Kuning Telur Ayam Ras pada Peternakan Ayam yang Berbeda. Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan dan Veteriner Tropis (Journal of Tropical Animal and Veterinary Science). 13(2): 92 – 99. https://doi.org/10.46549/jipvet.v13i2.346
Rauchbach, E., Zeigerman, H., Abu-Halaka, D., Tirosh, O. 2022. Cholesterol Induces Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Damage and Death in Hepatic Stellate Cells to Mitigate Liver Fibrosis in Mice Model of NASH. Antioxidants. 11:(536): 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11030536
Rudia, A. F., Dwi, H. A., Amelia, N. B R., Atifah, R. G., Nurhidayati. 2023. Kajian Pustaka Tingkat Pengetahuan Masyarakat Dalam Penggunaan Analgesik Untuk Swamedikasi Nyeri. Jurnal Kedokteran Unram. 12(2): 217 – 221. https://doi.org/10.29303/jku.v12i2.13
Safitri, S., Mappahya, A.A., Nurhikmawati, Wisudawan, Safitri, A. 2023. Hubungan Faktor Risiko Kejadian Hiperkolesterolemia Pasien Rawat Jalan Jantung Koroner RS Ibnu Sina Makassar. Fakumi Medical Journal. 3(8): 552-562.
Sari, N. N. A. K., Sulchan, M., Afifah, D.N. 2024. Effects of patin fish oil and turmeric extract on levels of malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase in wistar rat models of metabolic syndrome. Aceh. Nutri. J. 9(2): 307-318. http://dx.doi.org/10.30867/action.v9i2.1759
Shabalala, S.C., Johnson, R., Basson, A.K., Ziqubu, K., Hlengwa, N., Mthembu, S.X.H., Mabhida, S.E., Mazibuko-Mbeje, S.E., Hanser, S., Cirilli, I., et al. 2022. Detrimental Effects of Lipid Peroxidation in Type 2 Diabetes: Exploring the Neutralizing Influence of Antioxidants. Antioxidants. 11(2071): 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11102071
Shakoor, H., Khan, M.I., Sahar, A., Khan, M.K.I., Faiz, F., Ahmad, H.B. 2020. Development of omega-3 rich eggs through dietary flaxseed and bio-evaluation in metabolic syndrome. Food Sci Nutr. 8:2619–2626.
Soesanto, I.R.H., Mulatsih, S., Retnani, Y., Yani, A., Mutia, R. 2023. Edukasi Telur Omega-3 sebagai Pangan Fungsional di Dramaga, Bogor. Agrokreatif. 9(2): 232-241.
Sulaiman, A.G., Sangging, P.R.A. 2024. Malondialdehyde (MDA) sebagai Marker Stres Oksidatif Berbagai Penyakit. Medula. 14(2): 321-325.
Suryo, E.P.A., Syamsu, R.F., Iskandar, D. 2024. Pengaruh Pemberian Minyak Zaitun Terhadap Kadar Malondialdehyde (MDA) sebagai Biomarker Stress Oksidatif. PREPOTIF : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat. 8(1): 190-200.
Susanti, N., Wiyanto, B., Hidayati, D.N., Noor, R.J. 2024. Analisis Tingkat Pengetahuan, Sikap, Perilaku Masyarakat Terhadap Kolestrol. PREPOTIF: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat. 8(2): 3856-3865.
Tan, B.L., Norhaizan, M.E. 2019. Effect High-Fat Diets on Oxidative Stress, Cellular Inflammatory Response and Cognitive Function. Nutrients. 11(2579):1-22. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11112579
Virdias, T.R., Sulchan, M., Al-baarri, A.N. 2024. Preventive effect of mulberry (Morus alba) leaf tea on low-density lipoprotein and malondialdehyde levels in dyslipidemic sprague dawley rats. AcTion: Aceh Nutrition Journal. 9(3): 421-430. http://dx.doi.org/10.30867/action.v9i3.1737
World Heart Federation. 2019. What we do: Cholesterol. Available at: https://world-heart-federation.org/what-we-do/cholesterol/
Yassir, A., Zulaikhah, S.T., Fasitasari, M. 2023. The Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Malondialdehyde and Superoxide Dismutase Levels (Experimental Studies in Dyslipidemic Rat Models). IJMRA. 6(9): 4521-4526.
Published
2026-10-01
How to Cite
RAIS, Zulfikar; FADLILAH, Synta Haqqul; MUSTOFA, Mustofa.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF OMEGA-3 EGG AND NON-OMEGA-3 EGG ADMINISTRATION ON MDA LEVELS IN MALE RATS (Rattus norvegicus) FED A HIGH-FAT DIET.
Mandala Of Health, [S.l.], v. 19, n. 2, p. 126-134, oct. 2026.
ISSN 2615-6954.
Available at: <https://jos.unsoed.ac.id/index.php/mandala/article/view/19243>. Date accessed: 18 oct. 2026.
doi: https://doi.org/10.20884/1.mandala.2026.19.2.19243.
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Articles
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