This issue has been available online since September, 2025 for the regular issue of September Vol 20 (2) 2025. All articles in this issue (9 original research articles) were authored/co-authored by Authors from Countries (Malaysia, Indonesia)

Vol 20 (2) September 2025 features nine articles examining key issues in Indonesia’s economic and regional development. This issue highlights empirical studies on economic growth using advanced econometric and spatial approaches, alongside analyses of export dynamics, fiscal capacity, and regional inequality. This edition emphasizes sustainable and inclusive development through discussions on optimizing government spending, village tourism crowdfunding, smart city readiness, MSME-based product innovation, and the social return on education. Overall, this edition reflects Indonesia's development challenges from a macroeconomic, regional policy and community empowerment perspective.

Published: 2025-09-02

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