1. Ownership & Publishing Entities This journal is jointly owned and published under an institutional partnership between two organizations:

• Ikatan Sarjana Ekonomi Indonesia (ISEI) Cabang Purwokerto — The Indonesian Economists Association (Purwokerto Branch), a professional organization of economists, academics, and business practitioners dedicated to economic development and research.

• Department of Economics and Development Studies, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman (UNSOED) — An academic institution focused on high-quality higher education, research, and community service in economics and development studies.

2. Management & Operational Structure The day-to-day editorial operations, peer-review management, and administrative workflows are jointly overseen by the appointed Editorial Board:

• Managing Secretariat: Department of Economics and Development Studies, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Jl. HR. Boenyamin No. 708, Grendeng, Purwokerto, Central Java, Indonesia.

• Editorial Responsibility: The Editor-in-Chief and Editorial Board hold full authority and responsibility for all content published in the journal.

• Editorial Independence: The editorial decisions (accepting, revising, or rejecting submissions) are made strictly based on merit, scientific rigor, original contribution, and relevance, independent of commercial, political, or institutional influences.