PENGARUH BASIS TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK FISIK NANOKRIM MINYAK ATSIRI KAYU MANIS (CINNAMOMUM BURMANII)
Abstract
Jerawat merupakan penyakit yang dapat menimbulkan masalah psikologis. Salah satu penyebab jerawat adalah infeksi bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Propionibacterium acne. Senyawa sinamaldehida sebagai konstituen utama kulit kayu manis telah terbukti memiliki aktivitas antimikroba dan antiinflamasi serta berpotensi diformulasikan dalam sediaan topikal. Nanokrim dapat menjadi solusi untuk mengoptimalkan efektivitas sinamaldehida karena kelarutannya yang buruk dalam air. Basis krim termasuk komponen penting untuk menentukan karakteristik fisik sediaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh basis terhadap karakteristik nanokrim minyak atsiri kulit kayu manis. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain eksperimental laboratorium dengan kandungan minyak atsiri 4% dalam sediaan. Zat aktif diformulasikan dalam nanoemulsi, kemudian dibentuk menjadi nanokrim dengan basis berbeda yaitu asam stearat dan vaselin album. Kemudian dilakukan karakterisasi fisik meliputi organoleptis, homogenitas, pH, viskositas, daya sebar, daya lekat, persen transmitan, ukuran partikel, indeks polidispersitas, dan zeta potensial. Kedua nanoemulsi memenuhi seluruh kriteria keberterimaan pada pengujian, sedangkan pada kedua nanokrim menunjukkan pemisahan fase dan ukuran partikel tidak mencapai nanopartikel dengan rerata 33,95 µm untuk basis asam stearat dan 49,22 µm untuk basis vaselin album. Pemilihan basis berpengaruh terhadap karakteristik fisik nanokrim minyak atsiri kayu manis. Nanokrim basis asam stearat lebih unggul dalam % transmitan, ukuran partikel, zeta potensial, dan stabilitas freeze-thaw, sedangkan nanokrim basis vaselin album unggul dalam organoleptis dan homogenitas. Hasil karakterisasi nanoemulsi yang diformulasikan memiliki linearitas dengan nanokrim yang dihasilkan.
References
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Kurniawan, D, K., Booijink, R., Pater, L., Wols, I., Vrynas, A., Storm, G., Prakash. and Bansal, R. 2020. Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 Conjugated Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (FGF2-SPIONs) Ameliorate Hepatic Stellate Cells Acativation in vitro and Acute Liver Injury in vivo. Journal of Controlled Release
Kusmita, L., Mutmainah, N., Sabdono, A., Trianto, A., Radjasa, O, K. and Pangestuti, R. 2021. Characteristic Evaluation of Various Formulations of Anti-Aging Cream from Carotenoid Extract of Bacterial Symbiont Virgibacillus salarius Strain 19.PP.Sc1.6. Cosmetics 8: 120
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Nurman, S., Yulia, R., Irmayanti., Noor, E. and Sunarti, T, C. 2019. The Optimization of Gel Preparations Using the Active Compounds of Arabica Coffee Ground Nanoparticles. Scientia Pharmaceutica 87,32
Ochoa, T, A., Almendarez, B, E, G., Garcia, M, E., Belloso, O, M., Marquez, G, R., Torres, L, M. and Gonzalez, C, R. 2017. Physicochemical and Antimicrobial Characterization of Beeswax-Starch Food-Grade Nanoemulsions Incorporating Natural Antimicrobials. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 18(12)
Prasetyo, Y, A., Abdassah, M. and Rusdiana, T. 2019. Preparation and Characterization of Glucosamine Nanoparticle by Ionic Gelation Method Using Chitosan and Alginate. Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceuticals 1(1): 1-10
Rachana, Y., Gharpure, S. and Ankamwar, B. 2021. Nanotechnology in Cosmetics Pros and Cons. Nano Express, 2
Sachdeva, M., Tan, J., Lim, J., Kim, M., Nadeem, I. and Bismil, R. 2020. The prevalence, risk factor, and psychosocial impacts of acne vulgaris in medical students: a literature review. International Journal of Dermatology 60(7): 792-798
Saputro, M.R., Wardhana, Y.W. and Wathoni, N. 2021. Pengujian dan Peningkatan Stabilitas Sediaan Hidrogel dalam Sistem Penghantaran Obat. Majalah Farmasetika 6(5): 421-435
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Sari, N, and Inayah,N. 2023. Utilization of Secang Wood Ethanol Extract (Caesalpinia sappan L.) as an Additional Ingredient Antiseptic Hand Cream Preparation Instead of Hand Sanitizer. Indo. J. Chem. Res 10(3): 164-170
Saryanti, D., Iwan, S., Romadona, A.S. 2019. Optimasi Formula Sediaan Krim M/A dari Ekstrak Kulit Pisang Kepok (Musa acuminata L.). Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia 1(3): 225-237
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Shabrina, A. and Khansa, I.S.M. 2022. Physical Stability of Sea Buckthron Oil Nanoemulsion with Tween 80 Variations. Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology 1(1): 14-21
Shabrina, A., Safitri, E. I., Fithria, R. F., Munir, M. and Sumantri, S. 2022. Chemical Qualitative Analysis and SPF Value Stability of Nutmeg Seed Oil in Microemulsions With Tween 80 and PEG 400 as Surfactans and Cosurfactans. Pharmaciana 12(1): 106
Song, Y, R., Choi, M, S., Choi, G, W., Park, I, K. and Oh, C, S. 2016. Antibacterial Activity of Cinnamaldehyde and Estragole Extracted from Plant Essential Oils against Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae Causing Bacterial Cancer Disease in Kiwifruit. The Plant Pathology Journal 32(4): 363-370
Tan, J, K, L. and Bhate, K, A. 2015. A global perspective on the epidemiology of acne. Br J Dermatol 172: 3-12
Taurina, W., Sari, R., Hafinur, U, C., Wahdaningsih, S. and Isnindar. 2017. Optimasi Kecepatan dan Lama Pengadukan Terhadap Ukuran Nanopartikel Kitosan-Ekstrak Etanol 70% Kulit Jeruk Siam (Citrus nobilis L.var Microcarpa). Trad. Med. J 22(1), pp: 16-20
Utami, E, R. 2012. Antibiotika, Resistensi, dan Rasionalitas Terapi. El-Hayah1(4):191-198
Utchariyakiat, I., Surassmo, S., Jaturanpinyo, M., Khuntayaporn, P. and Chomnawang, M, T. 2016. Efficacy od cinnamon bark oil and cinnamaldehyde on anti-multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the synergistic effects in combination with other antimicrobial agents. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 16, 158
Wijayanti, R., Syarifah, M. and Goenarwo, E. 2014. Pengaruh Basis Salep Terhadap Sifat Fisik Sediaan Salep Ekstrak Kelopak Bunga Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). Media Farmasi Indonesia 9(2): 759-760
Xu, W., Gu, H., Zhu, X., Zhong, Y., Jiang, L., Xu, M., Song, A, and Hao, J. 2015. CO2-Controllable Foaming and Emulsification Properties of the Stearic Acid Soap Systems. American Chemical Society Publications (31): 5758-5766
Zaenglein, A, L., Pathy, A, L., Schlosser, B, J., Alikhan, A., Baldwin, H, E., Graber, E, M., Harper, J, C., Kang, S., Keri, J, E., Leyden, J, J., Reynolds, R, V., Silverberg, N, B., Stein, G, L, F., Tollefson, M, M., Weiss, J, S., Dolan, N, C., Sagan, A, A., Stern, M., Boyer, K, M. and Bhushan, R. 2016. Guidelines of care for the management of acne vulgaris. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 74(5): 1-32.
Zahara, Y., Dewi, R, and Saptarini, E. 2016. Efektivitas Penggunaan White Petroleum Jelly Untuk Perawatan Luka Tekan Stage 1 di Ruang di Rawat Inap Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village. Indonesian Journal of Nursing Health Science 1(1): 15-32
Zahrah, H., Mustika, A. and Debora, K. 2018. Aktivitas Anti bakteri dan Perubahan Morfologi dari Propionibacterium Acnes Setelah Pemberian Ekstrak Curcuma Xanthorrhiza. Jurnal Biosains Pascasarjana 20(3): 160-169.
Zhang, Y., Liu, X., Wang, Y., Jiang, P. and Quek, S, Y. 2015. Antibacterial activity and mechanism of cinnamon essential oil against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Food Control 59
Anchal, S., Swarnima, P., Arpita, S., Aqil, S. and Nitish, P. 2021. Cream: A Topical Drug Delivery System (TDDS). European Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research 8(1): 340-342.
Annisa, R., Yuwono, M. and Hendradi, E. 2020. Effect of Vegetable Oil on Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System of Dayak Onion [Eleutherine palmifolia (L.) Merr.] Extract using Hydrophilic-lipophilic Balance Approach: Formulation, Characterization. International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology 10(2): 210-221
Belgheisi, S., Motamedzadegan, A., Milani, J, M., Rashidi, L. and Rafe, A. 2021. Impact of ultrasound of processing parameters on physical characteristics of lycopene emulsion. J Food Sci Technol 58 (2), pp: 484-493
Birsan, M., Gore, E., Stan, C.D., Cristofor, A.C., Palimariciuc, M., Scripcariu, S., Antonoaea, P., Vlad, R.A., Todoran, N, and Ciurba, A. 2022. Development And Evaluation of Hydrophilic Cream Bases Suitable For Custom Cosmetic Skincare Or Compounding Pharmaceutical Dermal Products. FARMACIA 70(5): 880-889
Chen, Z., Zhang, S., Li, Z., Ma, G. and Zu, Z. 2016. Construction of a stable w/o nano-emulsion as a potential adjuvant for foot and mouth disease virus vaccine. ARTIFICIAL, CELLS, NANOMEDICINE, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
Chimvaare, C., Tepsorn, R., Supapvanich, S., Aree, C, W., Srilaong, V. and Boonyaritthongchai, P. 2020. Encapsulation of Cinnamaldehyde from Cinnam on Essential Oils in Cyclodextrin. IOP Publishing
Dewi, A, H., Yulianto, D, K., Ana, I, D., Rochmadi. and Siswomihardjo, W. 2020. Effect of Cinnamaldehyde, an Anti-Inflammatory Agent, on the Suface Characteristics of a Plaster of Paris-CaCO3 Hydrogel for Bone Substitution in Biomedicine. International Journal of Technology 11 (5): 963-973
Elin, J., Rajah, K, K. and Fidrianny, I. 2017. Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Cinnamon Bark, Honey, and Their Combination Effects againts Acne-Causing Bacteria. Scientia Pharmaceutica 85 (19): 1-8
Fajar, A., Ammar, A., Hamzah, M., Manurun, R. and Abduh, M, Y. 2019. Effect of tree age on the yield, productivity, and chemical composition of essential oil from Cinnamomum burmanii. Current Research on Biosciences and Biotechnology 1(1): 17-22
Forestryana, D. and Rahman, S.Y. 2020. Formulasi dan Uji Stabilitas Serbuk Perasan Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantifolia (Cristm.)) dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Carbopol 940. Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research 02: 165-178
Ghosh, V., Saranya, S., Mukherjee, A, and Chandrasekaran, N. 2013. Cinnamon Oil Nanoemulsion Formulation by Ultrasonic Emulsification: Investigation of Its Bactericidal Activity.Journal of Nanocsience and Nanotechnology 13
Handayani, F, S., Nugroho, B, H. and Munawiroh, S, Z. 2020. Optimization of low energy nanoemulsion of Grape seed oil formulation using D-Optimal Mixture Design. Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi, 14(1): 17-34
Herman, A., Herman, A, P., Domagalska, B, W. and Mlynarczk, A. 2013. Essential Oils and Herbal Extracts as Antimicrobial Agents in Cosmetic Emulsion. Indian J Microbiol 53(2): 232-237
Huda, N, and Wahyuningsih, I. 2016. Karakterisasi Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) Minyak Buah Merah (Pandanus conoideus Lam.) Jurnal Farmasi dan Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia 3(2)
Irianto, A, D., Purwanto. and Mardan, M, T. 2020. Aktivitas Anti bakteri dan Uji Sifat Fisik Sediaan Gel Dekokta Sirih Hijau (Piper betle L.) Sebagai Alternatif Pengobatan Mastitis Sapi. Majalah Farmasetik 16(2): 202-210
Jalaluddin., Zulnazri., Ishak., Hakim, L. and Daulay, S.H. 2023. Proses Pembuatan Sabun Padat dengan Proses Safonikasi Melalui Reaksi Minyak Jarak dan VCO Dengan NaOH dan Menambahkan Bubuk Coklat (Theobroma cacao L.). Jurnal Teknologi Kimia Unimal 12(1): 23-33
Kamarani, P., Hedrick, J., Marks, J.G, and Zaenglein, Andrea.L. 2023. Petroleum jelly : A comprehensive review of its history, uses, and safety. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Kurniawan, M.F. and Dwiaprinia, R. 2022. Optimization of Formulation and Antibacterial Activity of Citrus limon Peel Essential Oil and Eucalyptus globulus Essential Oil Combination as Gel Hand Sanitizer with The Simplex Lattice Design Method. Ad-Dawaa’ Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 4(2): 71-86
Khan, I., Saeed, K. and Khan, I. 2017. Nanoparticles: Properties, applications and toxicities. Arabian Journal of Chemistry
Kurniawan, D, K., Booijink, R., Pater, L., Wols, I., Vrynas, A., Storm, G., Prakash. and Bansal, R. 2020. Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 Conjugated Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (FGF2-SPIONs) Ameliorate Hepatic Stellate Cells Acativation in vitro and Acute Liver Injury in vivo. Journal of Controlled Release
Kusmita, L., Mutmainah, N., Sabdono, A., Trianto, A., Radjasa, O, K. and Pangestuti, R. 2021. Characteristic Evaluation of Various Formulations of Anti-Aging Cream from Carotenoid Extract of Bacterial Symbiont Virgibacillus salarius Strain 19.PP.Sc1.6. Cosmetics 8: 120
Leiete, C.P., Bom, M., Ribeiro, A., Almeida, C, and Rosado, C. 2023. Exploring Stearic-Acid-Based Nanoparticles for Skin Applications-Focusing on Stability and Cosmetics Benefits. Cosmetics 10(4) 99
Lumentut, N., Edy, H, J. and Rumondor, E, M. 2020. Formulasi dan Uji Stabilitas Fisik Sediaan Krim Ekstrak Kulit Buah Pisang Goroho (Musa acuminafe L.) Konsentrasi 12.5% Sebagai Tabir Surya. Jurnal MIPA 9(2): 42-46
Mousavi, F., Bojko, B., Bessonneau. V. and Pawliszyn, J. 2016. Cinnamaldehyde Characterization as an Antibacterial Agent toward E. Coli Metabolic Profile Using 96-Blade Solid-Phase Microextraction Coupled to Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Journal of Proteome 15: 963-975
Nurman, S., Yulia, R., Irmayanti., Noor, E. and Sunarti, T, C. 2019. The Optimization of Gel Preparations Using the Active Compounds of Arabica Coffee Ground Nanoparticles. Scientia Pharmaceutica 87,32
Ochoa, T, A., Almendarez, B, E, G., Garcia, M, E., Belloso, O, M., Marquez, G, R., Torres, L, M. and Gonzalez, C, R. 2017. Physicochemical and Antimicrobial Characterization of Beeswax-Starch Food-Grade Nanoemulsions Incorporating Natural Antimicrobials. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 18(12)
Prasetyo, Y, A., Abdassah, M. and Rusdiana, T. 2019. Preparation and Characterization of Glucosamine Nanoparticle by Ionic Gelation Method Using Chitosan and Alginate. Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceuticals 1(1): 1-10
Rachana, Y., Gharpure, S. and Ankamwar, B. 2021. Nanotechnology in Cosmetics Pros and Cons. Nano Express, 2
Sachdeva, M., Tan, J., Lim, J., Kim, M., Nadeem, I. and Bismil, R. 2020. The prevalence, risk factor, and psychosocial impacts of acne vulgaris in medical students: a literature review. International Journal of Dermatology 60(7): 792-798
Saputro, M.R., Wardhana, Y.W. and Wathoni, N. 2021. Pengujian dan Peningkatan Stabilitas Sediaan Hidrogel dalam Sistem Penghantaran Obat. Majalah Farmasetika 6(5): 421-435
Sari, L., Jusuf, N, K. and Putra, I, B. 2020. Bacterial identification of acne vulgaris. Bali Medical Journal 9(3): 753-756.
Sari, N, and Inayah,N. 2023. Utilization of Secang Wood Ethanol Extract (Caesalpinia sappan L.) as an Additional Ingredient Antiseptic Hand Cream Preparation Instead of Hand Sanitizer. Indo. J. Chem. Res 10(3): 164-170
Saryanti, D., Iwan, S., Romadona, A.S. 2019. Optimasi Formula Sediaan Krim M/A dari Ekstrak Kulit Pisang Kepok (Musa acuminata L.). Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia 1(3): 225-237
Septianingrum, Y., Safrina, U., Puspita, N. and Surahman, S. 2022. Gambaran Tingkat Pengetahuan tentang Period After Opening (PAO) dan Perilaku Penyimpanan Kosmetika Perawatan pada Remaja di Kota Tangerang. Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan 5(1): 6-13
Shabrina, A. and Khansa, I.S.M. 2022. Physical Stability of Sea Buckthron Oil Nanoemulsion with Tween 80 Variations. Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology 1(1): 14-21
Shabrina, A., Safitri, E. I., Fithria, R. F., Munir, M. and Sumantri, S. 2022. Chemical Qualitative Analysis and SPF Value Stability of Nutmeg Seed Oil in Microemulsions With Tween 80 and PEG 400 as Surfactans and Cosurfactans. Pharmaciana 12(1): 106
Song, Y, R., Choi, M, S., Choi, G, W., Park, I, K. and Oh, C, S. 2016. Antibacterial Activity of Cinnamaldehyde and Estragole Extracted from Plant Essential Oils against Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae Causing Bacterial Cancer Disease in Kiwifruit. The Plant Pathology Journal 32(4): 363-370
Tan, J, K, L. and Bhate, K, A. 2015. A global perspective on the epidemiology of acne. Br J Dermatol 172: 3-12
Taurina, W., Sari, R., Hafinur, U, C., Wahdaningsih, S. and Isnindar. 2017. Optimasi Kecepatan dan Lama Pengadukan Terhadap Ukuran Nanopartikel Kitosan-Ekstrak Etanol 70% Kulit Jeruk Siam (Citrus nobilis L.var Microcarpa). Trad. Med. J 22(1), pp: 16-20
Utami, E, R. 2012. Antibiotika, Resistensi, dan Rasionalitas Terapi. El-Hayah1(4):191-198
Utchariyakiat, I., Surassmo, S., Jaturanpinyo, M., Khuntayaporn, P. and Chomnawang, M, T. 2016. Efficacy od cinnamon bark oil and cinnamaldehyde on anti-multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the synergistic effects in combination with other antimicrobial agents. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 16, 158
Wijayanti, R., Syarifah, M. and Goenarwo, E. 2014. Pengaruh Basis Salep Terhadap Sifat Fisik Sediaan Salep Ekstrak Kelopak Bunga Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). Media Farmasi Indonesia 9(2): 759-760
Xu, W., Gu, H., Zhu, X., Zhong, Y., Jiang, L., Xu, M., Song, A, and Hao, J. 2015. CO2-Controllable Foaming and Emulsification Properties of the Stearic Acid Soap Systems. American Chemical Society Publications (31): 5758-5766
Zaenglein, A, L., Pathy, A, L., Schlosser, B, J., Alikhan, A., Baldwin, H, E., Graber, E, M., Harper, J, C., Kang, S., Keri, J, E., Leyden, J, J., Reynolds, R, V., Silverberg, N, B., Stein, G, L, F., Tollefson, M, M., Weiss, J, S., Dolan, N, C., Sagan, A, A., Stern, M., Boyer, K, M. and Bhushan, R. 2016. Guidelines of care for the management of acne vulgaris. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 74(5): 1-32.
Zahara, Y., Dewi, R, and Saptarini, E. 2016. Efektivitas Penggunaan White Petroleum Jelly Untuk Perawatan Luka Tekan Stage 1 di Ruang di Rawat Inap Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village. Indonesian Journal of Nursing Health Science 1(1): 15-32
Zahrah, H., Mustika, A. and Debora, K. 2018. Aktivitas Anti bakteri dan Perubahan Morfologi dari Propionibacterium Acnes Setelah Pemberian Ekstrak Curcuma Xanthorrhiza. Jurnal Biosains Pascasarjana 20(3): 160-169.
Zhang, Y., Liu, X., Wang, Y., Jiang, P. and Quek, S, Y. 2015. Antibacterial activity and mechanism of cinnamon essential oil against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Food Control 59
Published
2024-01-19
How to Cite
PUDYASTUTI, Beti et al.
PENGARUH BASIS TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK FISIK NANOKRIM MINYAK ATSIRI KAYU MANIS (CINNAMOMUM BURMANII).
Prosiding Seminar Nasonal LPPM UNSOED, [S.l.], v. 13, n. 1, p. 52-65, jan. 2024.
ISSN 2985-9042.
Available at: <https://jos.unsoed.ac.id/index.php/semnaslppm/article/view/10391>. Date accessed: 23 feb. 2025.
doi: https://doi.org/10.20884/1.semnaslppm.2024.13.1.10391.
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
