Effect of Organic Solvents in the Preparation of Single Aged Garlic Transfersomes and Their Phytochemical Activities

  • Sri Rahayu Lestari Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang 65145, Indonesia
  • Abdul Gofur Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang 65145, Indonesia
  • Yunita Rakhmawati Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang 65145, Indonesia
  • Suharti Suharti Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang 65145, Indonesia
  • Nik Ahmad Nizam Nik Malek Centre of Sustainable Nanomaterials, Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Biosciences, University Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Malaysia
  • Dewi Sekar Miasih Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang 65145, Indonesia
  • Alif Rosyidah El Baroroh Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang 65145, Indonesia
  • Yuslinda Annisa Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jm.2025.20.2.13310

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Single Aged Garlic (SAG), a fermented product from a single garlic, has been extensively studied for its health benefits due to its allicin content. To enhance SAG's drug delivery capabilities, this study aimed to characterize transfersome formulations containing SAG, investigating their phytochemical activities and the effects of different absolute solvents. Transfersome formulations, consisting of soy-phospholipid and either Span-60 (T1) or Tween-80 (T2), were prepared using absolute ethanol (EA) or a chloroform-methanol mixture (CM). Characterization included particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential. Phytochemical tests assessed antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content. Results showed that T2-CM formulations exhibited the best PDI (0.372 ± 0.022), smallest particle size (T1-CM: 84.333 ± 1.762 nm), and lowest zeta potential (T2-EA: -25.667 ± 0.666 mV). Additionally, T1-CM and T2-CM formulations demonstrated superior antioxidant, flavonoid, and phenolic content compared to T1-EA and T2-EA. Transfersomes formulated with organic solvents like absolute ethanol, methanol, and chloroform exhibit promising characteristics and can effectively protect the antioxidant compounds, flavonoids, and phenols present in SAG extracts. These solvents, known for their ability to dissolve polar and nonpolar compounds, facilitate the formation of stable, well-characterized transfersomes. These findings suggest that transfersomes prepared with chloroform-methanol mixtures are more promising for SAG delivery.


 


Key words: Organic solvents, Phytochemicals, Single aged garlic, Transfersomes

Published
2025-07-24
How to Cite
LESTARI, Sri Rahayu et al. Effect of Organic Solvents in the Preparation of Single Aged Garlic Transfersomes and Their Phytochemical Activities. Molekul, [S.l.], v. 20, n. 2, p. 291-300, july 2025. ISSN 2503-0310. Available at: <https://jos.unsoed.ac.id/index.php/jm/article/view/13310>. Date accessed: 20 aug. 2025. doi: https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jm.2025.20.2.13310.
Citation Formats
Issue
Vol 20 No 2 (2025)
Section
Biomolecule Isolation, Modification and Application

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