The Disposal of Indonesian Crew Members of Long Xing 629 Vessel in the Pacific Ocean
Abstract
Modern slavery in fishing industries is still a problem in maritime-based countries such as Indonesia. One of the recent cases is the disposal of Indonesian crew members in the Pacific Ocean by China fishing vessel Long Xing 629 in 2020. As a result, Indonesian crew members once again become modern slavery victims in the fishing industry. This article analyzes how Indonesian crew members became the victims of modern slavery in Long Xing 629. This paper will use descriptive qualitative research within the data collected from books, journals, articles, and news. In addition, the Eleven Categories of Forced Labor by ILO and Modern Slavery Theory by Andrew Crane will use to help analyze the case. The research shows that Indonesian crew members of Long Xing 629 become the victims of modern slavery due to their socio-economic conditions, such as poverty and low education. This condition is also supported by weak state regulation, such as weak government protection and lack of government attention, which conditions tend to lure and trap them in modern slavery. This paper believes that it will contribute to the modern slavery study in the fishing industry research field to help reduce and resolve a similar case in the future.
Keywords: Indonesian ship crew, Long Xing 629, modern slavery
References
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Knudsen, M. (2016). Poverty and Beyond: Small-Scale Fishing in Overexploited Marine Environments. Human Ecology, 44, 341-352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10745-016-9824-y
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Officials Websites
Anti Slavery. (2022). What is modern slavery? Anti-Slavery International. https://www.antislavery.org/slavery-today/modern-slavery/
Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia. (n.d.). Undang-undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Undang-Undang Dasar 1945. Retrieved December 9, 2022, from https://www.dpr.go.id/jdih/uu1945
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National Archives. (2022, May 10). 13th Amendment to the US Constitution: Abolition of Slavery (1865). National Archives. Retrieved December 12, 2022, from https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/13th-amendment
United Nations. (n.d.). International Day for the Abolition of Slavery | United Nations. The United Nations. https://www.un.org/en/observances/slavery-abolition-day
Books
Sugiyono. (2014). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R & D. Alfabeta.
Journals
Chapsos, I., & Hamilton, S. (2019). Illegal fishing and fisheries crime as a transnational organized crime in Indonesia. Trends in Organized Crime, 22(3). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12117-018-9329-8
Crane, A. (2013, January 14). Modern Slavery as A Management Practice: Exploring the Conditions and Capabilities for Human. Academy of Management Review, 38(1), 15–23.
Islami, N., & Anis, A. (2019, August). Pengaruh Upah Minimum Provinsi, Pendidikan, dan Kesehatan terhadap Kemiskinan di Indonesia. Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi dan Pembangunan, 1(3), 939-948. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jkep.v1i3.7721
Jacobus, E. H., Kindangen, P., & Walewangko, E. N. (2018). Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kemiskinan Rumah Tangga di Sulawesi Utara. Jurnal Pembangunan Ekonomi dan Keuangan Daerah, 19(3), 86-103. https://doi.org/10.35794/jpekd.32744.19.3.2018
Knudsen, M. (2016). Poverty and Beyond: Small-Scale Fishing in Overexploited Marine Environments. Human Ecology, 44, 341-352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10745-016-9824-y
Lisandro, M. D., & Olii, M. I. (2017). Perbudakan terhadap Anak Buah Kapal Penangkap Ikan Asing di Indonesia. Jurnal Kriminologi Indonesia, 1(1), 39-51. https://www.neliti.com/id/publications/267421/perbudakan-terhadap-anak-buah-kapal-penangkap-ikan-asing-di-indonesia#cite
Muhamad, S. V. (2012, Mei). Illegal Fishing di Perairan Indonesia: Permasalahan dan Upaya Penanganannya Secara Bilateral di Kawasan. Jurnal Politica Dinamika Masalah Politik Dalam Negeri & Hubungan Internasional, 3(1), 59-85. http://dx.doi.org/10.22212/jp.v3i1.305
Quirk, J. (2006, August). The Anti-Slavery Project: Linking the Historical and Contemporary. Human Rights Quarterly, 28(3), 565–598. 10.1353/hrq.2006.0036
Stringer, C., & Simmons, G. (2014, December 7). Stepping Through the Looking Glass: Researching Slavery in New Zealand’s Fishing Industry. Journal of Management Inquiry, 24(3), 253–263. https://doi.org/10.1177/1056492614561228
Vrancken, P., Witbooi, E., & Glazewski, J. (2019). Introduction and overview: Transnational organized fisheries crime. Marine Policy, 105, 116-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2018.12.016
Wilhelm, M., Kadfak, A., Bhakoo, V., & Skattang, K. (2020, May). Private governance of human and labor rights in seafood supply chains–the case of the modern slavery crisis in Thailand. Marine Policy, 115(1). 10.1016/j.marpol.2020.103833
Newspaper Article: Online
BBC News Indonesia. (2020, May 7). Indonesia minta China selidiki dan desak perusahaan kapal penuhi tanggung jawab pada ABK Indonesia. BBC. https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/indonesia-52568849
Damarjati, D. (2020, May 7). Kapal China Pembuang Jenazah ABK WNI: Ngaku Cari Tuna, Ternyata Buru Hiu. detikNews. https://news.detik.com/berita/d-5005913/kapal-china-pembuang-jenazah-abk-wni-ngaku-cari-tuna-ternyata-buru-hiu?single=1
Halim, D. (2020, May 15). Kasus Kapal Long Xing 629 yang Menguak Masalah Perlindungan ABK WNI di Kapal Asing. Kompas.com.
Hodal, K., Kelly, C., & Lawrence, F. (2014, June 10). Revealed: Asian slave labour producing prawns for supermarkets in US, UK. The Guardian. Retrieved December 12, 2022, from https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2014/jun/10/supermarket-prawns-thailand-produced-slave-labour
Mangihot, J. (2020, May 8). Sudah 3 ABK Indonesia yang Meninggal di Kapal Long Xing 629. Kompas TV. https://www.kompas.tv/article/80134/sudah-3-abk-indonesia-yang-meninggal-di-kapal-long-xing-629
MBCNews. (2020, May 5). [단독] "하루 18시간 노역…병들어 숨지면 바다에 버려" (2020.05.05/뉴스데스크/MBC) (+Indonesian/Chinese Subtitle). YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3QIEmJ1mCZY&ab_channel=MBCNEWS
Mongabay dan Tansa & Environmental Reporting Collective. (2021, October 21). Home. YouTube. Retrieved December 12, 2022, from https://docs.google.com/document/d/1R3FGMGhlB5pmHJvkKwiGfD1DIr0TjvsrRqiiR-sX61M/edit
Rahadian, T. (2020, May 17). 6 Terobosan yang Perlu Dilakukan Pemerintah Lindungi WNI ABK di Kapal Asing. kumparanNews.
Santosa, I. (2020, May 11). Mengurai Praktik Perbudakan di Kapal Ikan Asing. KOMPAS. https://www.kompas.id/baca/ekonomi/2020/05/11/mengurai-praktik-perbudakan-di-kapal-ikan-asing/?status=sukses_login&status_login=login
Saputra, E. Y. (2020, May 7). Viral Jenazah ABK Indonesia di Kapal Nelayan Cina Dibuang ke Laut. Dunia Tempo.co. https://dunia.tempo.co/read/1339566/viral-jenazah-abk-indonesia-di-kapal-nelayan-cina-dibuang-ke-laut
Sebayang, R. (2020, May 7). Heboh Jasad WNI ABK China Dibuang ke Laut, Ini Kronologinya. CNBC Indonesia. https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20200507092458-4-156880/heboh-jasad-wni-abk-china-dibuang-ke-laut-ini-kronologinya
Setiyanto, A. (2020, May 8). Kesaksian ABK WNI, Perbudakan di Kapal China. IslamToday. Retrieved December 9, 2022, from https://islamtoday.id/news/20200508110542-9208/kesaksian-abk-wni-perbudakan-di-kapal-china/
Wijaya, C. (2020, June 5). Pemerintah jajaki moratorium pengiriman ABK WNI ke kapal asing, keluarga ABK yang dilarung: 'cukup kami yang mengalami'. BBC. https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/indonesia-52887853.amp
Officials Websites
Anti Slavery. (2022). What is modern slavery? Anti-Slavery International. https://www.antislavery.org/slavery-today/modern-slavery/
Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia. (n.d.). Undang-undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Undang-Undang Dasar 1945. Retrieved December 9, 2022, from https://www.dpr.go.id/jdih/uu1945
International Labour Organization. (2012, October 1). ILO indicators of Forced Labour. ILO. Retrieved December 12, 2022, from https://www.ilo.org/global/topics/forced-labour/publications/WCMS_203832/lang--en/index.htm
Kemeterian Luar Negeri Republik Indonesia. (2019, March 28). Indonesia dan Hak Asasi Manusia. Retrieved December 9, 2022, from https://kemlu.go.id/portal/id/read/40/halaman_list_lainnya/indonesia-dan-hak-asasi-manusia
National Archives. (2022, May 10). 13th Amendment to the US Constitution: Abolition of Slavery (1865). National Archives. Retrieved December 12, 2022, from https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/13th-amendment
United Nations. (n.d.). International Day for the Abolition of Slavery | United Nations. The United Nations. https://www.un.org/en/observances/slavery-abolition-day
Published
2023-04-29
How to Cite
DE LUCAS, Juana Clarentine Emmanuela Greevince et al.
The Disposal of Indonesian Crew Members of Long Xing 629 Vessel in the Pacific Ocean.
Insignia: Journal of International Relations, [S.l.], v. 10, n. 1, p. 69-82, apr. 2023.
ISSN 2597-9868.
Available at: <https://jos.unsoed.ac.id/index.php/insignia/article/view/7659>. Date accessed: 03 sep. 2025.
doi: https://doi.org/10.20884/1.ins.2023.10.1.7659.
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Articles
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