“Selamat Datang Perang Dingin!” Kepentingan Rusia Di Krimea Dan Ukraina Timur Dan Ketegangan Hubungan Dengan Barat
Abstract
Abstrak
Paper ini berupaya memahami memburuknya hubungan antara Rusia dan Barat (Uni Eropa dan
Amerika Serikat) terkait dengan dengan Ukraina. Yang akan menjadi fokus pembahasan adalah
mengapa Rusia melakukan anekasi semenajung Krimea dan melakukan intervensi di Ukraina Timur.
Inti argumennya adalah bahwa, pertama, aksi aneksasi Rusia sebenarnya adalah hal yang bisa
dipahami sebagai puncak reaksi terhadap aksi ekspansi masif pengaruh Barat ke Eropa Timur sejak
berakhirnya Perang Dingin. Ukraina hanyalah salah satu sisa-sisa dan benteng akhir mitra Rusia di
Eropa Timur. Kejatuhan tragis presiden Viktor Janukovych yang pro-Rusia di negara tersebut hanyalah
menjadi faktor pemicu bagi tindakan petualangan Rusia. Kedua, sejauh mana efektivitas respons atau
reaksi Barat yang berupa sanksi ekonomi dan diplomatik negara-negara Barat atas Rusia belum bisa
dipastikan. Bagi Barat, upaya mengendalikan aksi ”illegal” Rusia sangat dilematis mengingat Rusia
adalah negara great power. Serangkian aksi Rusia sangat mengkawatirkan Barat dan telah memicu
ketegangan serius, yakni, ”Perang Dingin Baru” yang tak terelakkan
Kata-kata Kunci: Rusia, Barat, Ukraina, Krimea, Ukraina Timur, Perang Dingin
Abstract
This paper attempts to explain the worsening relationship between Russia and the West (European
Union and the United States) related to Ukraine issue. The focus of the discussion is to elaborate why
Russia carried out an annexation of Crimea peninsula and intervention in the Eastern Ukraine. The
main argument of the paper consists of two points; firstly, annexation by Russia is a peak of reactions
against massive expansion of the Western to Eastern Europe since the end of Cold War. Ukraine was
the last standing partner of Russia in the Eastern Europe. The tragic fall of Victor Janukovych which
was pro-Russia in the country was only a trigger to Russia’s action. Secondly, the extent of effectivity
of response or reaction from the West, for example the economic and diplomatic sanction of Wester
countries to Russia is still uncertain. For the West, the attempts to control the “illegal” action of Russia
is found to be a dillematic issue considering that Russia is one of the great powers. This worrisome
action by Russia has led to a sirious tension, namely “a New Cold War”.
Keywords: Rusia, West, Ukraine, Crimea, East Ukraine, Cold War
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