Penanggulangan Terorisme di ASEAN Melalui Our Eyes Initiatives
Studi Mengenai Cooperative Security
Abstract
Terorisme diketahui sebagai salah satu bentuk kejahatan transnasional, dimana pergerakannya cenderung acak, dan seiring berjalannya waktu terus berkembang melalui perluasan wilayah. Keadaan terorisme yang sudah mulai memasuki kawasan Asia Tenggara, khususnya negara-anggota ASEAN, memberikan keresahan tersendiri. Bahkan, beberapa jaringan-jaringan teroris yang terdapat di beberapa wilayah di negara-anggota ASEAN menunjukkan adanya keterkaitan dengan kelompok terorisme besar lainnya. Beberapa aksi-aksi teror kerap terjadi di negara-anggota ASEAN, ditambah dengan adanya perubahan karakteristik maupun pola terorisme di ASEAN yang semakin mengkhawatirkan. Menyadari hal tersebut, Indonesia, dibawah ASEAN Defense Ministerial Meeting mengusulkan kerja sama keamanan Our Eyes Initiative dengan tujuan agar Our Eyes Initiative dapat mengurangi dan memberantas terorisme di negara-anggota ASEAN. Fokus dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji bagaimana cooperative security dapat diterapkan dalam Our Eyes Initiative. Metode kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini guna mengumpulkan data-data yang dapat didapatkan melalui jurnal-jurnal terdahulu, dokumen-dokumen penting maupun wawancara secara langsung.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang sudah dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa Our Eyes Intiative dapat dikatakan sebagai cooperative security walaupun hanya terdapat tiga dari empat ring cooperative security yang ada di dalam Our Eyes Initiative, namun hal tersebut perlu dilihat berdasarkan pengertian dari cooperative security dan fungsi tujuan dari Our Eyes Intiative juga. Our Eyes Initiative dapat memberantas terorisme melalui perlindungan individu masing-masing negara, saling menjaga keamanan masing-masing neagra, dan memberikan kesadaran terhadap aksi teror yang kian meresahkan.
References
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Jurnal:
Fitriani, Satria, A., Sari, P. P., & Adriana, R. (2018). The Current State of Terrorism in Indonesia: Vulnerable Groups, Networks, and Responses. Centre for Strategic and International Studies.
Mannik, E. (2007). Terrorism: Its Past, Present, and Future Prospects.
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Sudirman, A., & Sari, D. S. (2017). Membangun Keamanan Regional di ASEAN dalam Menanggulangi Ancaman Terorisme. Jurnal Wacana Politik.
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Wulolo, C. M., Legionosuko, T., Suhirwan, & Yusuf. (2019). Opportunities and Optimization of the Our Eyes Initiative as the Strategy for Counter-Terrorism in ASEAN. International Journal of Law and Political Sciences.
Zakiyah. (2016). The Chronicle of Terrorism and Islamic Militancy in Indonesia. Analisa Journal of Social Science and Religion.
Internet:
Association of Southeast Asia Nations. (2019). ASEAN Defence Ministers Meeting (ADMM). Retrieved from Association of Southeast Asia Nations: https://asean.org/asean-political-security-community/asean-defence-ministers-meeting-admm/
Association of Southeast Asian Nations. (2019, December 18). ASEAN Secretariat. Retrieved from Association of Southeast Asian Nations: https://asean.org/asean/asean-secretariat/
Gnanasagaran, A. (2018, October 22). 'Our Eyes' to combat terrorism. Retrieved June 16, 2019, from The Asean Post: https://theaseanpost.com/article/our-eyes-combat-terrorism
Kementerian Pertahanan Republik Indonesia. (2019, January 23). Tangkal Terorisme dan Radikalisme, 10 Negara ASEAN Bahas Mekanisme Kerjasama Pertukaran Informasi Strategis “Our Eyes”. Retrieved from Kementerian Pertahanan Republik Indonesia: https://www.kemhan.go.id/2019/01/23/tangkal-terorisme-dan-radikalisme-sepuluh-negara-asean-bahas-mekanisme-kerjasama-pertukaran-informasi-strategis-dalam-kerangka-our-eyes.html
Parameswaran, P. (2018, January 27). What's Next for the New ASEAN 'Our Eyes' Intelligence Initiative? Retrieved June 16, 2019, from THE DIPLOMAT: https://thediplomat.com/2018/01/asean-launches-new-our-eyes-intelligence-initiative/
Laporan Penelitian:
Institute for Economics and Peace. (2016). Global Terrorism Index 2016. Institute for Economics and Peace.
Network of ASEAN Defence and Security Institutions. (2019). Chairman's Report of Track II Network of ASEAN Defence and Security Institutions. RSIS.
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2018). Introduction to International Terrorism. University Module Series.
Hasil Wawancara:
Achmadi, K. I. (2020, January 16). Terorisme di Negara-Anggota ASEAN. (P. O. Winarto, Interviewer)
Suryawanto, H. (2020, January 9). Wawancara Mengenai Terorisme di Asia Tenggara dan Our Eyes. (P. O. Winarto, Interviewer)
Sutedja, L. N. (2020, February 27). Wawancara Mengenai Terorisme dan Our Eyes Initiative. (P. O. Winarto, Interviewer)
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