Donald Trump, America First, dan Deglobalisasi: Bagaimana Kelanjutannya?
Abstract
Abstrak
Terpilihnya Donald Trump di satu sisi menjadi primadona bagi basis politik ultra kanan atau kadang disebut the looser of globalization, di sisi lain sebagai ancaman bagi pendukung globalisasi khususnya mereka (baik negara, kelompok pebisnis, dan masyarakat transnasional) yang khawatir atas menguatnya fenomena deglobalisasi. Fenomena Trump dan deglobalisasi menjadi perhatian artikel ini, dengan mengajukan pertanyaan kunci yaitu: mengapa di tengah globalisasi yang berlangsung, kebijakan luar negeri Trump justru menempuh pendekatan ekonomi politik proteksionis? Tulisan ini pada dasarnya menguji kembali relasi antar negara dan globalisasi dengan temuan bahwa keterpilihan Trump merupakan perluasan tren deglobalisasi yang sebelumnya berlangsung pasca Krisis Finansial Global 2008. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pola deduktif deskriptif. Data akan berbentuk data sekunder dan data primer. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa kebijakan Trump yang cenderung tertutup dalam kerjasama ekonomi-politik merupakan strategi rebalancing terhadap lawan utamanya yaitu China. Tulisan ini kemudian memprediksikan bahwa kebijakan ekonomi Trump dapat berkonstribusi pada AS sebagai negara superior yang semakin defisit. China lantas menjadi penyeimbang poros globalisasi (multilateral approach) disaat AS memilih proteksionis.
Kata kunci: America First, Deglobalisasi, Globalisasi , Krisis Finansial Global (KFG)
Abstract
The election of Donald Trump on the one hand is a prima donna for the ultra right political base or sometimes called the looser of globalization, on the other hand as a threat to supporters of globalization especially those who are concerned about the strengthening of the deglobalisation phenomenon (countries, business groups and transnational communities). Trump's phenomenon and deglobalisation are of concern to this article, by asking key questions, namely: why in the midst of the ongoing globalization, Trump's foreign policy has taken the approach of a protectionist political economy? This paper basically reexamines relations between countries and globalization with the finding that Trump's electability is an expansion of the previous globalization trend after the 2008 Global Financial Crisis. This paper uses qualitative methods with descriptive-deductive pattern. Data will be presented as secondary and primer. The results of this research show that Trump's policy which tends leaning to isolationism from political-economic cooperation is a rebalancing strategy towards its main opponents namely China. This paper then predicts that Trump's economic policies can contribute to the US as a superior country that is increasingly deficit. China then became the axis of balancing globalization (multilateral approach) when the US chose protectionism.
Keywords: America First, Deglobalisation, Globalization, Global Financial Crisis (GFC)
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