Prevalence of Streptococcus Pneumonia and Haemophillus Influenza in primary school children that diagnosed acute otitis media

Abstract

Acute otitis media (AOM) remains a disease that cause major public health problem worldwide. Less information about its prevalence in Indonesia, especially in Java.  The most common bacterial causes of AOM are Streptococcus pneumoniae, non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis. There is increasing evidence that the predominant causative pathogen in AOM is changing from Streptococcus pneumoniae to non-typeable Haemophilus influenza since the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. This study aims to determine the prevalence of Streptococcus pneumonia and Haemophillus influenzae in AOM in primary school children in Banyumas Regency. The design of this study was cross sectional and we conducted multistage random sampling to recruit the subject. Approximately 3,574 school children in Urban Banyumas Regency were screened based on the diagnose of AOM by Otolaryngologist. The resultof this study showed that the prevalence of AOM was 4,64 % (166 children were diagnosed with AOM).  In AOM samples, the prevalence of  Streptococcus pneumonia  was found in 78,4 % by optochin test, while that of Haemophillus influenzae was found in 70,4% based on the need of  X and V factor