Akumulasi Logam Tembaga (Cu) dan Seng (Zn) pada Cacing Diopatra claparedii sebagai Bioindikator Pencemaran di Perairan Donan, Cilacap
Accumulation of Copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn) in The Worm Diopatra claparedii as A Bioindicator of Pollution in Donan Waters, Cilacap
Abstract
Perairan Donan, Cilacap, merupakan estuari yang rentan terhadap pencemaran logam berat (Cu dan Zn) akibat intensitas kegiatan industri dan domestik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dinamika akumulasi logam Cu dan Zn pada kompartemen lingkungan (air dan sedimen) serta potensinya pada makrozoobentos Diopatra claparedii sebagai bioindikator. Metode survei digunakan dengan pengambilan sampel air, sedimen, dan cacing pada beberapa stasiun pengamatan. Konsentrasi total logam diukur menggunakan Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) dan dianalisis menggunakan spearmani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sedimen bertindak sebagai penampung utama, dengan korelasi positif yang signifikan antara konsentrasi logam di air dan sedimen (R=0,63; p=0,0011). Bioakumulasi logam berat pada D. claparedii sangat kuat dan positif berkorelasi dengan konsentrasi pada sedimen (R=0,66; p=0,00049), menegaskan sedimen sebagai jalur paparan utama. Meskipun demikian, korelasi dengan air juga signifikan (R=0,47; p=0,02), menunjukkan adanya jalur paparan sekunder. Kesimpulan: Cacing Diopatra claparedii terbukti sangat efektif dan valid sebagai bioindikator pencemaran logam Cu dan Zn di Perairan Donan karena kemampuannya secara akurat merefleksikan tingkat kontaminasi di kedua kompartemen lingkungan, khususnya sedimen.
Kata kunci : Akumulasi, Bioindikator, Diopatra claparedii, Logam Berat, Sedimen
References
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Rainbow, P. S. (2002). Trace metal concentrations in aquatic invertebrates. Environmental Pollution, 120, 497–507.
Rudiyanti, A. S., B. Yulianto, A. Santoso. (2021). Kandungan Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) pada Air, Sedimen dan Kerang Hijau (Perna viridis) di Pantai Mekar, Bekasi. Journal of Marine Research, 10(3): 428-436.
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Annisa, A.C.N. (2023. Analisis kandungan logam berat kadmium (Cd) dan kromium (Cr) pada kerang totok (Polymesoda erosa) di perairan Segara Anakan, Cilacap. Thesis, Jenderal Soedirman University
Arias A, Woodin, S.A, & Paxton, H. 2024. An introduction to Diopatra, the amazing ecosystem engineering polychaete. Biol 12, 1027: 1-19 https://doi.org/10.3390/biology12071027
Arifin Z, Puspitasari R, & Miyazaki, N. (2012. Heavy metal contamination in Indonesian coastal marine ecosystems: A historical perspective. Coast Mar Sci 35(1): 227–233. https://doi.org/10.15083/00040657
Badan Standarisasi Nasional. 2021. Cara uji kadar logam dalam contoh uji limbah padat, sedimen dan tanah dengan metode destruksi asam menggunakan Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom (SSA) – nyala / Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emmission Spectrometric (ICP-OES) (SNI 8910:2021.), Jakarta.
Badan Standarisasi Nasional. 2019. Cara uji kadar logam terlarut dan logam total secara Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom (SSA) (SNI 6989-84:2019), Jakarta.
Berke, S.K. 2022. A review of Diopatra ecology: current knowledge, open questions, and future threats for an ecosystem engineering polychaete. Biol 11, 1485: 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11101485
Birch, G. F. (2018). A review of chemical contamination in ports and harbours. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 128, 214–231.
Bryan, G. W., & Langston, W. J. (1992). "Bioavailability, Accumulation and Effects of Heavy Metals in Sediments with Special Reference to United Kingdom Estuaries: A Review." Environmental Pollution, 76(2), 89-131
Bryan, G. W., & Gibbs, P. E. (1983). Heavy metals in the marine environment. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 14, 408–413.
Darmono, B. (2001). Lingkungan Hidup dan Pencemaran: Hubungannya dengan Toksikologi Senyawa Logam. Jakarta: UI Press.
Dsikowitzky, L., Nordhaus, I., Jennerjahn, T.C., Khrycheva, P., Sivatharshan, Y., Yuwono, E., & Schwarzbauer, J. (2011). Anthropogenic organic contaminants in water, sediments and benthic organisms of the mangrove-fringed Segara Anakan Lagoon, Java, Indonesia. Mar Pollut Bull 62(4): 851–862
Eshmat, N., et al. (2014). The Role of pH and Salinity in Heavy Metal Bioavailability in Estuarine Environments. Journal of Environmental Protection, 5(12): 1109-1118.
Freitas, R., Pires, A., Quintino, V., Rodrigues, A.M., & Figueira, E. 2012. Subcellular partitioning of elements and availability for trophic transfer: Comparison between the bivalve Cerastoderma edula and the polychaete Diopatra neapolitana. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 99: 21–30.
Harino, H., M. Yamamoto, Q. W. Kawai, T. Kakutani, K. Kurokawa, A. Arai, M. Ohji, M. Miyazaki, and N. Baba (2006). Distribution of antifouling biocides in port sediments. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 50, 179–186.
Hawkes, H.A. (1979). Invertebrates as Indicators of River Water Quality. Dalam: Biological Indicator of Water Quality. James, A. & Evision, L. (Eds.). New York: John Wiley and Sons.
Hidayati, N. V., Siregar, A. S., Sari, L. K., & Putra, G. L. (2013). Pendugaan tingkat kontaminasi logam berat Pb, Cd dan Cr pada air dan sedimen di perairan Segara Anakan, Cilacap. Omni-Akuatika, 10(1), 30–39. http://dx.doi. org/10.20884/1.oa.2014.10.1.14
Jin, T., et al. (2019). Surface characterization and corrosion behavior of 90/10 copper–nickel alloy in marine environment. Materials, 12(11), 1869. https://doi.org/10.3390/ ma12111869
Kumar, V., et al. (2018). Heavy metal contamination in oil industry environments. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 127, 456–465.
Lestari, S., W. Lestari, E. S. Wibowo, P. Sucharitakul, J. Pamungkas (2025). The Use of Diopatra claparedii Grube, 1878 (Onuphidae, Polychaeta) as a Bioindicator of Heavy Metal Contaminations in the Donan Creek, Cilacap, Central Java, Indonesia. Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences. Vol 30 (4), pp. 586 – 592
Lestari, S. dan T. A. Rohmannto. 2020. Macrozoobenthos diversity as a bioindicator of heavy metal pollution in Segara Anakan lagoon, cilacap district, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 550- 012015
Li, X. 2018. Heavy metal pollution around cement industries. Environmental Earth Sciences, 77, 1–13
Lubis, R. T., & Pramesthy, T. D. (2019). Bioakumulasi Cu dan Zn pada polychaeta di wilayah pesisir yang terkontaminasi aktivitas industri. Jurnal Kelautan Tropis, 22(3), 201–210.
Luoma, S. N., et al. (2010). Bioavailability of dissolved metals in aquatic systems. Environmental Science & Technology, 44(15), 5885–5891.
Luoma, S. N., & Rainbow, P. S. (2008). Metal Contamination in Aquatic Environments. Cambridge University Press.
Mohamed, R. M. S. R., et al. (2020). Corrosion-derived metals in oil industry effluents. Journal of Environmental Management, 260, 110–118.
Mukti, G.T., Prayogo, T.B., & Haribowo, R. (2021). Studi Penentuan Status Mutu Air dengan Menggunakan Metode Indeks Pencemaran dan Metode Water Quality Index (WQI) Di Sungai Donan Cilacap, Jawa Tengah. Jurnal Teknologi Dan Rekayasa Sumber Daya Air, 1(1): 238–251.
Neff, J. M., et al. (2011). Produced Water: Environmental Risks and Advances in Mitigation. Springer.
Pamungkas, J., Wibowo, E.S., Alam, M. and Lestari, S., 2025. Pollutants May Have Caused Morphological Abnormalities in Some Polychaete Species (Annelida) Collected from Cilacap, Central Java, Indonesia. Tropical Life Sciences Research, 36(1), p.297.
Piranti, A.S., Rahayu, D.R.U.S., Ardli, E.R., Setyaningrum, N., Widyartini, D.S., & Insan, I. 2020. Water quality status of Segara Anakan, Cilacap, Indonesia, for biota life. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci 593(1): 012038.
Prastyo, Y., Batu, D.T.F.L dan Sulistiono. 2017. Kandungan Logam Berat Cu dan Cd pada Ikan Belanak di Estuari Sungai Donan, Cilacap, Jawa Tengah. JPHPI, Vol 20 (1), pp. 18-28
Rahmawati, S., Fadhlina, N., & Arifin, Z. (2020). Distribusi logam berat di sedimen dan air estuari dan hubungannya dengan fraksi sedimen. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 18(1), 45–56.
Rainbow, P. S. (2002). Trace metal concentrations in aquatic invertebrates. Environmental Pollution, 120, 497–507.
Rudiyanti, A. S., B. Yulianto, A. Santoso. (2021). Kandungan Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) pada Air, Sedimen dan Kerang Hijau (Perna viridis) di Pantai Mekar, Bekasi. Journal of Marine Research, 10(3): 428-436.
Sun, F.H. and Zhou, Q.X., 2007. Metal accumulation in the polychaete Hediste japonica with emphasis on interaction between heavy metals and petroleum hydrocarbons. Environmental Pollution, 149(1), pp.92–98.
Zhao, H., Wang, M., Pang, M., Sun, J., Huang, Y., Gao, F., Yang, D., Zhou, Y. and Wang, B., 2020. Quantitative immunodetection of metalloprotein II in Perinereis aibuhitensis after heavy metal exposure. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 160, p.111550.
Published
2026-06-30
How to Cite
RAHAYU, Maya Fatmawati; LESTARI, Sri; PAMUNGKAS, Joko.
Akumulasi Logam Tembaga (Cu) dan Seng (Zn) pada Cacing Diopatra claparedii sebagai Bioindikator Pencemaran di Perairan Donan, Cilacap.
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed, [S.l.], v. 8, n. 2, p. 158-165, june 2026.
ISSN 2714-8564.
Available at: <https://jos.unsoed.ac.id/index.php/bioe/article/view/19112>. Date accessed: 06 sep. 2026.
doi: https://doi.org/10.20884/1.bioe.2026.8.2.19112.
Section
Articles
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