Diversity of Medicinal Plants in Keanekaragaman Tumbuhan Obat di Area Kampus Universitas Negeri Semarang: Potensi dan Manfaatnya untuk Kesehatan
Diversity of Medicinal Plants in Universitas Negeri Semarang: Potential and Benefits for Health
Abstract
Keanekaragaman tumbuhan obat merupakan salah satu potensi hayati penting yang berperan dalam penyediaan sumber bioaktif alami dan mendukung pengembangan kesehatan berbasis bahan alam. Area Kampus Universitas Negeri Semarang yang memiliki kondisi ekologis perbukitan dengan luas sekitar 140,9 ha, diduga menjadi habitat bagi berbagai spesies tumbuhan berkhasiat, namun data ilmiah mengenai jenis dan sebarannya masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keanekaragaman tumbuhan obat yang terdapat di lingkungan kampus serta menelaah potensi pemanfaatannya bagi kesehatan berdasarkan literatur ilmiah. Penelitian dilaksanakan melalui metode eksplorasi di lapangan dengan penetapan dua puluh plot menggunakan pendekatan purposive sampling untuk mencatat seluruh spesies tumbuhan yang berpotensi obat. Setiap spesimen yang ditemukan diidentifikasi berdasarkan karakter morfologi dan kemudian dianalisis menggunakan parameter frekuensi relatif, kerapatan relatif, dominansi relatif, dan nilai penting jenis untuk mengetahui struktur komunitasnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa area kampus memiliki keragaman tumbuhan obat yang cukup tinggi dengan dominasi famili Asteraceae, Fabaceae, dan Euphorbiaceae, serta beberapa spesies seperti Bidens pilosa, Asystasia gangetica, Ophiopogon japonicus, dan Chromolaena odorata memiliki nilai penting jenis tertinggi. Sebagian besar spesies yang ditemukan berpotensi sebagai sumber antioksidan, antimikroba, antiinflamasi, dan antidiabetes berdasarkan karakter metabolit bioaktifnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa area kampus merupakan lokasi yang kaya tumbuhan berkhasiat dan memiliki peluang besar untuk dikembangkan sebagai pusat konservasi, edukasi herbal, dan sumber bahan penelitian lanjutan terkait fitofarmaka.
Kata kunci : Tanaman obat, Keanekaragaman, Kesehatan, UNNES
References
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Published
2026-03-31
How to Cite
RAMADHANI, Nabilla et al.
Diversity of Medicinal Plants in Keanekaragaman Tumbuhan Obat di Area Kampus Universitas Negeri Semarang: Potensi dan Manfaatnya untuk Kesehatan.
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed, [S.l.], v. 8, n. 1, p. 22-33, mar. 2026.
ISSN 2714-8564.
Available at: <https://jos.unsoed.ac.id/index.php/bioe/article/view/19024>. Date accessed: 02 apr. 2026.
doi: https://doi.org/10.20884/1.bioe.2026.8.1.19024.
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