Chemical Priming untuk Meningkatkan Ketahanan Benih Padi pada Masa Pembibitan dalam Kondisi Cekaman Salinitas
Chemical Priming to Increase Rice Seed Resilience During Seedling Stage Under Salinity Stress
Abstract
Kandungan garam yang tinggi pada areal pertanian di sekitar pantai menjadi kendala dalam intensifikasi pertanian terutama tanaman pangan seperti padi. Kondisi salinitas pada lahan pertanian terbukti telah menghambat pertumbuhan dan menurunkan hasil panen. Terutama pada fase perkecambahan yang merupakan fase paling rentan terhadap kondisi salin. Untuk itu diperlukan upaya untuk menangani kendala tersebut. Salah satu upaya yaitu dengan melakukan priming benih, priming benih merupakan metode pra-perlakuan benih yang dilakukan untuk meningkatkan ketahanan benih sebelum benih terkena cekaman abiotik. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan 2 faktor perlakuan. Faktor pertama cekaman salinitas dengan tiga taraf perlakuan yaitu 0 mM, 50 mM, 100 mM, dan 150 mM. Faktor kedua yaitu priming kimia benih yaitu: kontrol (tanpa priming), asam salisilat 225 ppm, asam salisilat 250 ppm, asam askorbat 10 ppm, dan asam askorbat 20 ppm. Bertambahnya tingkat salinitas dapat menurunkan rataan persentase perkecambahan dan panjang radikula. Namun, kadar prolin meningkat dengan meningkatnya konsentrasi salinitas. Priming benih dengan menggunakan asam salisilat 225 ppm dan 250 ppm maupun priming menggunakan asam askorbat 10 ppm dan 20 ppm dapat Perlakuan priming dengan menggunakan asam salisilat 225 ppm dan 250 ppm maupun asam askorbat 10 ppm – 20 ppm mampu meningkatkan ketahanan benih untuk berkecambah pada kondisi salinitas yang tinggi (150 mM).
Kata kunci : asam salisilat, asam askorbat, chemical priming, padi, salinitas.
References
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Sopandie D. 2013. Fisiologi Adaptasi Tanaman (terhadap Cekaman Abiotik pada Agroekosistem Tropika). In Ipb Press.
Summart, et al. 2010. Effect of salt stress on growth , inorganic ion and proline accumulation in Thai aromatic rice , Khao Dawk Mali 105 , callus culture. 9(2), pp. 145–152. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB09.015
Teixeira da Silva, J. A., Hossain, M. M., Sharma, M., Dobránszki, J., Cardoso, J. C., & ZENG, S. 2017. Acclimatization of in Vitro-derived Dendrobium. Horticultural Plant Journal, 3(3), pp. 110–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/ .hpj.2017.07.009
Tester, M., & Davenport, R. 2003. Na+ tolerance and Na+ transport in higher plants. Annals of Botany, 91(5), pp. 503–527. https://doi.org/ 10.1093/aob/mcg058
Tian, H. C., Xu, L. Q., & Zhu, L. F. 2018. Selection rules for electric multipole transition of triatomic molecule in scattering experiments. Chinese Physics B, pp. 27(4). https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/27/4/043101
Wani, S. H., Kumar, V., Shriram, V., & Sah, S. K. 2016. Phytohormones and their metabolic engineering for abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Crop Journal, 4(3), pp. 162–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cj.2016.01.010
Ashraf, M., & Foolad, M. R. 2007. Roles of glycine betaine and proline in improving plant abiotic stress resistance. 59, pp. 206–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2005.12.006
Baig, Z., Khan, N., Sahar, S., Sattar, S., & Zehra, R. 2021. Effects of seed priming with ascorbic acid to mitigate salinity stress on three wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 41(5), pp. 491–498. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CHNAES.2021.08.010
Bhuja, P., Mauboy, R. S., Gaol, M. L., Danong, M. T., Nono, K. M., & Lende, A. A. 2022. Pengaruh Cekaman Salinitas Terhadap Viabilitas Perkecambahan Kultivar Padi Gogo Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya. Jurnal Biotropikal Sains, 19(1), pp. 1–10.
Bojović, B., Đelić, G., Topuzović, M., & Stanković, M. 2010. Effects of Nacl on Seed Germination in Some Species From Families Brassicaceae and Solanaceae. Kragujevac J. Sci, 32(May 2014), pp. 83–87.
Chandra, S., Bandopadhyay, R., Kumar, V., & Chandra, R. 2010. Acclimatization of tissue cultured plantlets: From laboratory to land. Biotechnology Letters, 32(9), pp. 1199–1205. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-010-0290-0
Dadshani S, Sharma, R. C., Baum, M., Ogbonnaya, F. C., & Le, J. 2019. Multi-dimensional evaluation of response to salt stress in wheat, pp. 1–24.
Farooq, M., Basra, S. M., Wahid, A., & Ahmad, N. 2010. Changes in Nutrient-Homeostasis and Reserves Metabolism During Rice Seed Priming: Consequences for Seedling Emergence and Growth. Agricultural Sciences in China, 9(2), pp. 191–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1671-2927(09)60083-3
Ghosh, U. K., Islam, M. N., Siddiqui, M. N., & Khan, M. A. R. 2021. Understanding the roles of osmolytes for acclimatizing plants to changing environment: a review of potential mechanism. Plant Signaling and Behavior, pp. 16(8). https://doi.org/10.1080/15592324.2021.1913306
Hasanuzzaman, M., Raihan, M. R. H., Masud, A. A. C., Rahman, K., Nowroz, F., Rahman, M., Nahar, K., & Fujita, M. 2021. Regulation of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense in plants under salinity. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, pp. 22(17). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179326
Hutajulu, F. H., Rosmayati, S. I. 2013. Pengujian Respons Pertumbuhan Beberapa Varietas Padi Sawah (Oryza sativa L.) Akibat Cekaman Salinitas. 1(4), pp. 1101–1109.
Khan, M. I. R., Fatma, M., Per, T. S., Anjum, N. A., & Khan, N. A. 2015. Salicylic acid-induced abiotic stress tolerance and underlying mechanisms in plants. Frontiers in Plant Science, 6(JUNE), pp. 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00462
Li, S., Liu, C., Tan, X., Tan, B., He, Y., & Li, N. 2020. Interactive effects of light and nitrogen on pakchoi (Brassica chinensis l.) growth and soil enzyme activity in an underground environment. Agronomy, pp. 10(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10111772
Liu, L., Xia, W., Li, H., Zeng, H., Wei, B., Han, S., & Yin, C. 2018. Salinity inhibits rice seed germination by reducing α-amylase activity via decreased bioactive gibberellin content. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9(March), pp. 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.00275
Marschner, P. 2012. Marschner’s Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. In Marschner’s Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants: Third Edition. https://doi.org/10.1016/C2009-0-63043-9
Misra, N., & Saxena, P. 2009. Effect of salicylic acid on proline metabolism in lentil grown under salinity stress. Plant Science, 177(3), pp. 181–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2009.05.007
Mohammadizad, H. A., Khazaei, I., Ghafari, M., & Fatehi, M. F. 2013. Effect of salt and drought stresses on seed germination and early seedling growth of Nepeta persica. International Journal of Farming and Allied Sciences, 2(21), pp. 895–899.
Pade, N., & Hagemann, M. 2015. Salt acclimation of cyanobacteria and their application in biotechnology. Life, 5(1), pp. 25–49. https://doi.org/10.3390/life5010025
Rad, H. E., Aref, F., Rezaei, M., Amiri, E., & Khaledian, M. R. 2011. The effects of salinity at different growth stage on rice yield. Ecology, Environment and Conservation, 17(3), pp. 455–462.
Shu, K., Qi, Y., Chen, F., Meng, Y., Luo, X., Shuai, H., Zhou, W., Ding, J., Du, J., Liu, J., Yang, F., Wang, Q., Liu, W., Yong, T., Wang, X., Feng, Y., & Yang, W. 2017. Salt stress represses soybean seed germination by negatively regulating GA biosynthesis while positively mediating ABA biosynthesis. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8(August), pp. 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01372
Sopandie D. 2013. Fisiologi Adaptasi Tanaman (terhadap Cekaman Abiotik pada Agroekosistem Tropika). In Ipb Press.
Summart, et al. 2010. Effect of salt stress on growth , inorganic ion and proline accumulation in Thai aromatic rice , Khao Dawk Mali 105 , callus culture. 9(2), pp. 145–152. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB09.015
Teixeira da Silva, J. A., Hossain, M. M., Sharma, M., Dobránszki, J., Cardoso, J. C., & ZENG, S. 2017. Acclimatization of in Vitro-derived Dendrobium. Horticultural Plant Journal, 3(3), pp. 110–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/ .hpj.2017.07.009
Tester, M., & Davenport, R. 2003. Na+ tolerance and Na+ transport in higher plants. Annals of Botany, 91(5), pp. 503–527. https://doi.org/ 10.1093/aob/mcg058
Tian, H. C., Xu, L. Q., & Zhu, L. F. 2018. Selection rules for electric multipole transition of triatomic molecule in scattering experiments. Chinese Physics B, pp. 27(4). https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/27/4/043101
Wani, S. H., Kumar, V., Shriram, V., & Sah, S. K. 2016. Phytohormones and their metabolic engineering for abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Crop Journal, 4(3), pp. 162–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cj.2016.01.010
Published
2026-03-31
How to Cite
KHAIRUNNISA, Khairunnisa; SELVIA, Irda Nila.
Chemical Priming untuk Meningkatkan Ketahanan Benih Padi pada Masa Pembibitan dalam Kondisi Cekaman Salinitas.
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed, [S.l.], v. 8, n. 1, p. 43-49, mar. 2026.
ISSN 2714-8564.
Available at: <https://jos.unsoed.ac.id/index.php/bioe/article/view/18842>. Date accessed: 14 may 2026.
doi: https://doi.org/10.20884/1.bioe.2026.8.1.18842.
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