Sekuensing Fungi Patogen Berbasis Oxford Nanophore Technology (ONT) pada Kulit Buah Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica) dari Desa Tawar Miko, Aceh Tengah
Sequencing of Pathogenic Fungi Based on Oxford Nanophore Technology (ONT) on Arabica Coffee Fruit Skin (Coffea arabica) from Tawar Miko Village, Central Aceh
Abstract
Kopi arabika (Coffea arabica L.) di Aceh Tengah rentan terhadap penyakit busuk buah (coffee fruit rot/ CFR) yang disebabkan oleh kompleks patogen fungi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi keanekaragaman fungi patogen pada kulit buah kopi arabika bergejala busuk hitam dari Desa Tawar Miko, Aceh Tengah, menggunakan metabarcoding berbasis Oxford Nanopore Technology. Sampel buah kopi yang busuk diambil secara acak, dilakukam ekstraksi DNA total, amplifikasi gen penanda Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) rDNA, dan sekuensing Oxford Nanopore. Data sekuens dianalisis secara bioinformatika untuk menentukan komposisi taksonomi dan menghitung indeks keanekaragaman. Hasil analisis mengidentifikasi 57 spesies dengan total 134.371 sekuens yang tergolong ke dalam 17 genus. Lima filum terdeteksi dengan dominasi Ascomycota (94,53%), diikuti oleh Unknown (5,40%), Zoopagomycota (0,04%), Bacillota (0,02%), dan Actinomycota (0,01%). Sepuluh genus utama menunjukkan kelimpahan yang bervariasi, yaitu Kurtzmaniella (48,64%), Penicillium (45,59%), Unknown (5,40%), Brettanomyces (0,07%), Chlamydocillium (0,07%), Scolecobasidium (0,06%), Brunneoclavispora (0,02%), Coemansia (0,02%), Pandora (0,02%), dan Other (0,11%). Tiga spesies dominan adalah Kurtzmaniella quercitrusa (48,60%), Penicillium crustosum (39,75%), dan Penicillium coprobium (3,79%). Nilai indeks Shannon (H′) sebesar 1,17 menunjukkan tingkat keanekaragaman yang rendah dengan dominansi tinggi (Simpson D = 0,6). Temuan ini memberikan gambaran dasar komunitas fungi patogen pada busuk buah kopi arabika dan berimplikasi sebagai dasar pengembangan strategi pengendalian penyakit tanaman untuk meningkatkan mutu dan keamanan kopi di Aceh Tengah.
Kata kunci : busuk buah kopi,fungi patogen, sekuensing, Oxford Nanopore Technology, ITS rDNA
References
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Lu, L., Tibpromma, S., Karunarathna, S.C., Jayawardena, R.S., Lumyong, S., Xu, J., Hyde, K.D., 2022. Comprehensive Review of Fungi on Coffee. Pathogens. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11040411
Luciano-Rosario, D., Keller, N.P., Jurick, W.M., 2020. Penicillium expansum: biology, omics, and management tools for a global postharvest pathogen causing blue mould of pome fruit. Mol Plant Pathol 21,pp.1391–1404. https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12990
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Lusiana, S., Mukarlina, M., Zakiah, Z., 2022. Daya Hambat Isolat Jamur Rizosfer Tanaman Kopi (Coffea sp.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Jamur Penyebab Busuk Buah Kopi (Coffea sp.). J Bios Logos 12,16. https://doi.org/10.35799/jbl.v12i1.35872
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Munawaroh, A.Z., Alfarisi, A.I., Diani, C.M., Desinta, R., Nurazizah, S., 2021. Penyakit yang Menyerang Buah Kopi (Coffea spp) Disease Affecting Cherry Coffee (Coffea spp). Prosiding SEMNAS BIO. Universitas Negeri Padang.
Nam, N.N., Do, H.D.K., Loan Trinh, K.T., Lee, N.Y., 2023. Metagenomics: An Effective Approach for Exploring Microbial Diversity and Functions. Foods. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12112140
Ochoa-Henriquez, V.H., Faggioli, V., Gómez-Godínez, L.J., Rivarola, M., Cristancho, M., 2024. Colombian coffee (Coffea arabica L.) plantations: a taxonomic and functional survey of soil fungi. Front Sustain Food Syst 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2024.1345383
Peñuela-Martínez, A.E., Velasquez-Emiliani, A.V., Angel, C.A., 2023. Microbial Diversity Using a Metataxonomic Approach, Associated with Coffee Fermentation Processes in the Department of Quindío, Colombia. Fermentation 9,pp.343. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/ fermentation9040343
Rajula, J., Rahman, A., Krutmuang, P., 2020. Entomopathogenic fungi in Southeast Asia and Africa and their possible adoption in biological control. Biological Control 151,pp.104399. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.biocontrol.2020.104399
Ranjini, A.P., Giri, M.S., Machenahalli, S., Sudha, M., 2022. Management of coffee black rot disease caused by Koleroga Noxia Donk. J Mycopathol Res 60,pp.565–569. https://doi.org/10.57023/jmycr.60.4.2022.565
Shen, Y., Ma, N., Liu, S., Xu, G., Zhang, J., 2025. Mycotoxins and secondary metabolites from fruit postharvest pathogenic Penicillium species. Food Chem 488,pp.144880. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.144880
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Published
2025-12-31
How to Cite
FAUZIYAH, Fauziyah; LUBIS, Syafrina Sari.
Sekuensing Fungi Patogen Berbasis Oxford Nanophore Technology (ONT) pada Kulit Buah Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica) dari Desa Tawar Miko, Aceh Tengah.
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed, [S.l.], v. 7, n. 4, p. 442-451, dec. 2025.
ISSN 2714-8564.
Available at: <https://jos.unsoed.ac.id/index.php/bioe/article/view/18508>. Date accessed: 02 mar. 2026.
doi: https://doi.org/10.20884/1.bioe.2025.7.4.18508.
Section
Articles
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