Optimasi Media Pertumbuhan Alternatif Mikroalga Lokal Air Gambut Kalimantan Tengah dengan Metode Response Surface Methodology
Optimization of Alternative Growth Media for Local Microalgae from Peat Water Ecosystem of Central Kalimantan Using Response Surface Methodology
Abstract
Mikroalga merupakan sumber biomassa berpotensi tinggi untuk produksi bioenergi, pangan, dan bioproduk berkelanjutan, namun biaya media kultur sintetis masih menjadi kendala utama dalam skala produksi massal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengoptimalkan media pertumbuhan alternatif berbasis air gambut Kalimantan Tengah yang diperkaya dengan filtrat kotoran ayam dan limbah cair tempe sebagai sumber nutrisi alami bagi mikroalga Chlorella sp. dan Spirulina sp.. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode Response Surface Methodology dengan rancangan Central Composite Design untuk menentukan kombinasi optimum komposisi media, pH, suhu, dan intensitas cahaya terhadap kepadatan sel dan biomassa kering. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi media 60 : 25 : 15 (air gambut : fitrat kotoran ayam : limbah cair tempe) merupakan formulasi optimum bagi Chlorella sp. dengan kepadatan optik 1,235 dan biomassa 780 miligram per liter, sedangkan komposisi 50%, 30%, dan 20% merupakan kondisi terbaik bagi Spirulina sp. dengan kepadatan optik 1,312 dan biomassa 890 miligram per liter. Model kuadratik yang dihasilkan menunjukkan tingkat akurasi tinggi dengan koefisien determinasi di atas 0,97, menandakan kesesuaian model dengan data eksperimental. Pemanfaatan bahan lokal ini mengurangi pencemaran limbah organik. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa media berbasis air gambut dan limbah organik lokal efektif meningkatkan pertumbuhan mikroalga dan mendukung pengembangan bioteknologi hijau berbasis sumber daya lokal Kalimantan Tengah.
Kata kunci : air gambut, kotoran ayam, limbah cair tempe, mikroalga, optimasi media, response surface methodology
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