Kemampuan Bakteri Halotoleran dari Sedimen Mangrove Pantai Logending dalam Pelarutan Fosfat dan Penambatan Nitrogen
The Ability of Halotolerant Bacteria from Mangrove Sediment in Phosphate Solubilization and Nitrogen Fixation
Abstract
Lingkungan mangrove dapat menjadi sumber yang baik untuk mendapatkan bakteri halotoleran yang berpotensi sebagai agensia pupuk hayati dengan kemampuan melarutkan fosfat dan menambat N2 bebas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji toleransi isolat bakteri asal sedimen mangrove terhadap salinitas, menguji kemampuan isolat bakteri halotoleran dalam pelarutan fosfat dan penambatan nitrogen bebas, dan karakterisasi fenetik isolat bakteri halotoleran terpilih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 43 isolat yang diteliti, sebanyak 29 isolat toleran terhadap NaCl 5-7%. Dari 29 isolat, sebanyak 11 isolat bakteri halotoleran (>5% NaCl) diketahui mampu melarutkan fosfat dan menambat nitrogen dengan tiga isolat terpilih (LG36, LG60, dan LG66). Ketiga isolat tersebut menunjukkan efisiensi pelarutan fosfat masing-masing 125, 123,72, dan 126,92; dan kemampuan penambatan nitrogennya berturut-turut 38,02 ppm; 28,4 ppm; dan 51,93 ppm. Identitas ketiga isolat terpilih menunjukkan bahwa isolat LG60 merupakan spesies anggota genus Rhizobium, sedangkan isolat LG36 dan LG66 belum dapat diidentifikasi pada level genus.
Kata kunci: fiksasi nitrogen, halotoleran, mangrove, pelarutan fosfat
References
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Berg G., Alavi, M., Schmidt, C. S., Zachow, C., Egamberdieva, D., Kamilova, F. & Lugtenberg, B. 2013. Biocontrol and osmoprotection for plants under salinated conditions. In FJ de Bruijn (Ed.). Molecular Microbial Ecology of The Rhizosphere (pp. 561–573). Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken.
Bibi, F., Ullah, I., Alvi, S. A., Bakhsh, S. A., Yasir, M., Al-Ghamdi, A. A. K. & Azhar, E. I. 2017. Isolation, diversity, and biotechnological potential of rhizo and endophytic bacteria associated with mangrove plants from Saudi Arabia. Genetics and Molecular Research 16(2), pp. 1-12.
Danapriatna, N. 2016. Penjaringan Azotobacter sp. dan Azospirillum sp. dari ekosistem lahan sawah sebagai sumber isolat pupuk hayati penambat nitrogen. Jurnal Agrotek Indonesia 1(2), pp. 115-122.
Das, A., Srivastava, R., Patil, V. & Tripathi, S. 2018. Studies on the non-symbiotic diazotrophic bacterial population and efficiency of nitrogen fixation in coastal saline soils from Sagar Island, West Bengal. In Water Quality Management (pp. 299-305). Springer, Singapore.
Dodd I. C. & Perez-Alfocea, F. 2012. Microbial alleviation of crop salinity. Journal of Experimental Botany 6(3), pp. 3415-3428.
Eris, D. D., Munif, A., Soekarno, B. P. & Purwantara, A. 2017. Penapisan dan potensi bakteri endofit asal tanaman Arecaceae sebagai agens pengendali hayati cendawan Pestalotiopsis sp. penyebab penyakit bercak daun pada kelapa kopyor (Cocos nucifera). Menara Perkebunan 85(1), pp. 19-27.
Etesami, H. & Beattie, G. A. 2018. Mining halophytes for plant growth-promoting halotolerant bacteria to enhance the salinity tolerance of non-halophytic crops. Frontiers in Microbiology 9(148), pp. 1-20.
Fajrin, V. N. A., Erdiansyah, I. & Damanhuri. 2017. Identification of N-fixing bacteria at the center Edamame cultivation (Glicine max (L.) Merr.) in Jember. Agriprima, Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences 1(2), pp. 158-169.
Fatimah., Annizah, I. N., Alawiyah, D. D., Susetyo, R. D., Surtiningsih, T. & Nurhariyati, T. 2021. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria isolated from Tuban mangrove soil, Indonesia. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 762(1), p. 012007. IOP Publishing.
Fitriyanti, D., Mubarik, N. R. & Tjahjoleksono, A. 2017. Characterization and identification of phosphate solubilizing bacteria isolate GPC3.7 from limestone mining region. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 58 (1), p. 012016. IOP Publishing.
Hayat, R., Ali, S., Amara, U., Khalid, R. & Ahmed, I. 2010. Soil beneficial bacteria and their role in plant growth promotion: A review. Annals of Microbiology 60, pp. 579-598.
Irfan, M. 2014. Isolasi dan enumerasi bakteri tanah gambut di perkebunan kelapa sawit PT. Tambang Hijau Kecamatan Tambang Kabupaten Kampar. Jurnal Agroteknologi 5(1), pp. 1-8.
Jones D. L. 1998. Organic acids in the rhizosphere-a critical review. Plant and Soil 205(1), pp. 25-44.
Jumadi, O. 2015. Produksi zat pengatur tumbuh IAA (Indole Acetic Acid) dan kemampuan pelarutan posfat pada isolat bakteri penambat nitrogen asal Kabupaten Takalar. Jurnal Bionature 16(1), pp. 43-48.
Kannapiran, E. & Ramkumar, V. S. 2011. Isolation of phosphate solubilizing bacteria from the sediments of Thondi coast, Palk Strait, Southeast coast of India. Annals of Biological Research 2(5), pp. 157-163.
Karolinoerita, V. dan Annisa, W. 2020. Salinisasi lahan dan permasalahannya di Indonesia. Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan 14(2), pp. 91-99.
Larasati, E. D., Rukmi, M. I., Kusdiyantini, E., & Ginting, R. C. B. 2018. Isolasi dan identifikasi bakteri pelarut fosfat dari tanah gambut. Bioma: Berkala Ilmiah Biologi 20(1), pp. 1-8.
Latupapua, H. J. D. & Suliasih, S. 2001. Daya pacu mikroba pelarut fosfat dan penambat nitrogen pada tanaman jagung. Jurnal Biologi Indonesia 3(2), pp. 99-107.
Logan, N. A. & De Vos, P. 2009. Genus I. Bacillus Cohn 1872. In De Vos et al. (Eds.). Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Second Edition, Vol. 3, The Virmicutes (pp. 21-127), Springer. New York.
Lugtenberg B., Malfanova, N., Kamilova, F. & Berg, G. 2013. Plant growth promotion by microbes. In FJ de Bruijn (Ed.). Molecular Microbial Ecology of The Rhizosphere (pp. 561-573). Wiley-Blackwell. Hoboken.
Mohanta, M. K., Nasrin, S., Haque, M. F., Hasi, A. S. & Saha, A. K. 2020. Isolation and characterization of halophilic bacteria from salinity soil of Shatkhira, Bangladesh. Journal of Advances in Microbiology 20(5), pp. 67-76.
Naher, U. A., Othman, R. & Panhwar, Q. A. 2013. Culturable total and beneficial microbial occurrences in long-term nutrient deficit wetland rice soil. Australian Journal of Crop Science 7(12), pp. 1848-1853.
Nisa, N. A. 2018. Isolasi dan Identifikasi Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat dengan Sekuens 16S rRNA Asal Tanah Pertanian Organik Desa Sumberejo Batu (Doctoral dissertation). Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim. Malang.
Oedjijono, Soetarto, E. S., Moeljopawiro, S. & Djatmiko, H. A. 2014. Promising plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria of Azospirillum spp. isolated from iron sand soils, Purworejo coast, central Java, Indonesia. Advances in Applied Science Research 5(3), pp. 302-308.
Palimirmo, F. S., Damar, A., & Effendi, H. 2016. Dinamika sebaran bakteri heterotrofik di Teluk Jakarta. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 21(1), pp. 26-34.
Pas, A. A., Sopandie, D., Trikoesoemaningtyas, T. & Santosa, D. A. S. 2015. Aplikasi konsorsium mikrob filosfer dan rizosfer untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman padi application of phyllosphere and rhizosphere microbial consortium to improve rice growth and production. Jurnal Pangan 24(1), pp. 15-24.
Pliego, C., Kamilova, F. & Lugtenberg, B. 2011. Plant growth promoting bacteria: Fundamentals and Exploitation. In Maheshwari D.K. (Ed.). Bacteria In Agrobiology: Crop Ecosystems (pp. 295-343). Springer, Germany.
Pramono, H., Mariana, A., Ryandini, D. & Sudiana, E. 2021. Diversity of cellulolityc bacteria isolated from coastal mangrove sediment in Logending Beach, Kebumen, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22(4), pp. 1869-1878.
Ramadoss, D., Lakkineni, V. K., Bose, P., Ali, S., & Annapurna, K. 2013. Mitigation of salt stress in wheat seedlings by halotolerant bacteria isolated from saline habitats. SpringerPlus, 2 (1), 6.
Santoso, K., Rahmawati & Rafdinal. 2019. Eksplorasi bakteri penambat nitrogen dari tanah hutan mangrove Sungai Peniti, Kabupaten Mempawah. Protobiont 8(1), pp. 52-58
Smita, M. & Goyal, D. 2017. Isolation and characterization of free-living nitrogen fixing bacteria from alkaline soils. International Journal of Scientific World 5(1), pp. 18-22.
Soni, A., Rokad, R. & Sharma, P. 2013. Screening of efficient halotolerant phosphate solubilizing bacteria and their effect on seed germination under saline conditions. Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research 2(5), pp. 932-937.
Syed-Ab-Rahman, S. F., Carvalhais, L. C., Chua, E., Xiao, Y., Wass, T. J. & Schenk, P. M. 2018. Identification of soil bacterial isolates suppressing different Phytophthora spp. and promoting plant growth. Frontiers in Plant Science 9, pp. 1502.
Thohiron, M. & Prasetyo, H. 2017. Pengelolaan lahan dan budidaya tanaman lahan terdampak lumpur marine Sidoarjo. Indonesian Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development, 3(1), pp. 19-27.
Tufail, M. A., Bejarano, A., Shakoor, A., Naeem, A., Arif, M. S., Dar, A. A., Hassan, T. F., Pertot, I. & Puopolo, G. 2021. Can bacterial endophytes be used as a promising bio-inoculant for the mitigation of salinity stress in crop plants? A global meta-analysis of the last decade (2011–2020). Microorganisms 9(9), pp. 1861.
Widawati, S. & Suliasih. 2016. Isolasi, karakterisasi, analisa kimia dan deteksi BAPPT bakteri tanah perakaran padi dari Rambut Siwi, Bali. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Biologi ISBN: 978-602-0951-11-9.
Wijebandara, D. M., Iranie, D., Dasog, G. S., Patil, P. L. & Hebbar, M. 2009. Response of rice to nutrients and biofertilizers under conventional and system of rice intensification methods of cultivation in Tungabhadra command of Karnataka. Journal Agrica Science 22 (4), pp. 741-750.
Zahir, Z. A., Nadeem, S. M., Khan, M. Y., Binyamin, R. & Waqas, M. R. 2019. Role of halotolerant rhizobacteria isolated from halophytes on the growth of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) under salt stress. FEMS Microbiology Letters 364(11), pp. 1-8.
Astuti, Y. W., Widodo, L. U. & Budisantoso, I. 2013. Pengaruh bakteri pelarut fosfat dan bakteri penambat nitrogen terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman tomat pada tanah masam. Biosfera: A Scientific Journal 30(3), pp. 134-142.
Ayundani, A. 2020. Resistensi bakteri penambat nitrogen nonsimbiotik terhadap logam Fe Bachelor’s thesis. Universitas Riau, Riau.
Berg G., Alavi, M., Schmidt, C. S., Zachow, C., Egamberdieva, D., Kamilova, F. & Lugtenberg, B. 2013. Biocontrol and osmoprotection for plants under salinated conditions. In FJ de Bruijn (Ed.). Molecular Microbial Ecology of The Rhizosphere (pp. 561–573). Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken.
Bibi, F., Ullah, I., Alvi, S. A., Bakhsh, S. A., Yasir, M., Al-Ghamdi, A. A. K. & Azhar, E. I. 2017. Isolation, diversity, and biotechnological potential of rhizo and endophytic bacteria associated with mangrove plants from Saudi Arabia. Genetics and Molecular Research 16(2), pp. 1-12.
Danapriatna, N. 2016. Penjaringan Azotobacter sp. dan Azospirillum sp. dari ekosistem lahan sawah sebagai sumber isolat pupuk hayati penambat nitrogen. Jurnal Agrotek Indonesia 1(2), pp. 115-122.
Das, A., Srivastava, R., Patil, V. & Tripathi, S. 2018. Studies on the non-symbiotic diazotrophic bacterial population and efficiency of nitrogen fixation in coastal saline soils from Sagar Island, West Bengal. In Water Quality Management (pp. 299-305). Springer, Singapore.
Dodd I. C. & Perez-Alfocea, F. 2012. Microbial alleviation of crop salinity. Journal of Experimental Botany 6(3), pp. 3415-3428.
Eris, D. D., Munif, A., Soekarno, B. P. & Purwantara, A. 2017. Penapisan dan potensi bakteri endofit asal tanaman Arecaceae sebagai agens pengendali hayati cendawan Pestalotiopsis sp. penyebab penyakit bercak daun pada kelapa kopyor (Cocos nucifera). Menara Perkebunan 85(1), pp. 19-27.
Etesami, H. & Beattie, G. A. 2018. Mining halophytes for plant growth-promoting halotolerant bacteria to enhance the salinity tolerance of non-halophytic crops. Frontiers in Microbiology 9(148), pp. 1-20.
Fajrin, V. N. A., Erdiansyah, I. & Damanhuri. 2017. Identification of N-fixing bacteria at the center Edamame cultivation (Glicine max (L.) Merr.) in Jember. Agriprima, Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences 1(2), pp. 158-169.
Fatimah., Annizah, I. N., Alawiyah, D. D., Susetyo, R. D., Surtiningsih, T. & Nurhariyati, T. 2021. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria isolated from Tuban mangrove soil, Indonesia. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 762(1), p. 012007. IOP Publishing.
Fitriyanti, D., Mubarik, N. R. & Tjahjoleksono, A. 2017. Characterization and identification of phosphate solubilizing bacteria isolate GPC3.7 from limestone mining region. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 58 (1), p. 012016. IOP Publishing.
Hayat, R., Ali, S., Amara, U., Khalid, R. & Ahmed, I. 2010. Soil beneficial bacteria and their role in plant growth promotion: A review. Annals of Microbiology 60, pp. 579-598.
Irfan, M. 2014. Isolasi dan enumerasi bakteri tanah gambut di perkebunan kelapa sawit PT. Tambang Hijau Kecamatan Tambang Kabupaten Kampar. Jurnal Agroteknologi 5(1), pp. 1-8.
Jones D. L. 1998. Organic acids in the rhizosphere-a critical review. Plant and Soil 205(1), pp. 25-44.
Jumadi, O. 2015. Produksi zat pengatur tumbuh IAA (Indole Acetic Acid) dan kemampuan pelarutan posfat pada isolat bakteri penambat nitrogen asal Kabupaten Takalar. Jurnal Bionature 16(1), pp. 43-48.
Kannapiran, E. & Ramkumar, V. S. 2011. Isolation of phosphate solubilizing bacteria from the sediments of Thondi coast, Palk Strait, Southeast coast of India. Annals of Biological Research 2(5), pp. 157-163.
Karolinoerita, V. dan Annisa, W. 2020. Salinisasi lahan dan permasalahannya di Indonesia. Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan 14(2), pp. 91-99.
Larasati, E. D., Rukmi, M. I., Kusdiyantini, E., & Ginting, R. C. B. 2018. Isolasi dan identifikasi bakteri pelarut fosfat dari tanah gambut. Bioma: Berkala Ilmiah Biologi 20(1), pp. 1-8.
Latupapua, H. J. D. & Suliasih, S. 2001. Daya pacu mikroba pelarut fosfat dan penambat nitrogen pada tanaman jagung. Jurnal Biologi Indonesia 3(2), pp. 99-107.
Logan, N. A. & De Vos, P. 2009. Genus I. Bacillus Cohn 1872. In De Vos et al. (Eds.). Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Second Edition, Vol. 3, The Virmicutes (pp. 21-127), Springer. New York.
Lugtenberg B., Malfanova, N., Kamilova, F. & Berg, G. 2013. Plant growth promotion by microbes. In FJ de Bruijn (Ed.). Molecular Microbial Ecology of The Rhizosphere (pp. 561-573). Wiley-Blackwell. Hoboken.
Mohanta, M. K., Nasrin, S., Haque, M. F., Hasi, A. S. & Saha, A. K. 2020. Isolation and characterization of halophilic bacteria from salinity soil of Shatkhira, Bangladesh. Journal of Advances in Microbiology 20(5), pp. 67-76.
Naher, U. A., Othman, R. & Panhwar, Q. A. 2013. Culturable total and beneficial microbial occurrences in long-term nutrient deficit wetland rice soil. Australian Journal of Crop Science 7(12), pp. 1848-1853.
Nisa, N. A. 2018. Isolasi dan Identifikasi Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat dengan Sekuens 16S rRNA Asal Tanah Pertanian Organik Desa Sumberejo Batu (Doctoral dissertation). Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim. Malang.
Oedjijono, Soetarto, E. S., Moeljopawiro, S. & Djatmiko, H. A. 2014. Promising plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria of Azospirillum spp. isolated from iron sand soils, Purworejo coast, central Java, Indonesia. Advances in Applied Science Research 5(3), pp. 302-308.
Palimirmo, F. S., Damar, A., & Effendi, H. 2016. Dinamika sebaran bakteri heterotrofik di Teluk Jakarta. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 21(1), pp. 26-34.
Pas, A. A., Sopandie, D., Trikoesoemaningtyas, T. & Santosa, D. A. S. 2015. Aplikasi konsorsium mikrob filosfer dan rizosfer untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman padi application of phyllosphere and rhizosphere microbial consortium to improve rice growth and production. Jurnal Pangan 24(1), pp. 15-24.
Pliego, C., Kamilova, F. & Lugtenberg, B. 2011. Plant growth promoting bacteria: Fundamentals and Exploitation. In Maheshwari D.K. (Ed.). Bacteria In Agrobiology: Crop Ecosystems (pp. 295-343). Springer, Germany.
Pramono, H., Mariana, A., Ryandini, D. & Sudiana, E. 2021. Diversity of cellulolityc bacteria isolated from coastal mangrove sediment in Logending Beach, Kebumen, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22(4), pp. 1869-1878.
Ramadoss, D., Lakkineni, V. K., Bose, P., Ali, S., & Annapurna, K. 2013. Mitigation of salt stress in wheat seedlings by halotolerant bacteria isolated from saline habitats. SpringerPlus, 2 (1), 6.
Santoso, K., Rahmawati & Rafdinal. 2019. Eksplorasi bakteri penambat nitrogen dari tanah hutan mangrove Sungai Peniti, Kabupaten Mempawah. Protobiont 8(1), pp. 52-58
Smita, M. & Goyal, D. 2017. Isolation and characterization of free-living nitrogen fixing bacteria from alkaline soils. International Journal of Scientific World 5(1), pp. 18-22.
Soni, A., Rokad, R. & Sharma, P. 2013. Screening of efficient halotolerant phosphate solubilizing bacteria and their effect on seed germination under saline conditions. Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research 2(5), pp. 932-937.
Syed-Ab-Rahman, S. F., Carvalhais, L. C., Chua, E., Xiao, Y., Wass, T. J. & Schenk, P. M. 2018. Identification of soil bacterial isolates suppressing different Phytophthora spp. and promoting plant growth. Frontiers in Plant Science 9, pp. 1502.
Thohiron, M. & Prasetyo, H. 2017. Pengelolaan lahan dan budidaya tanaman lahan terdampak lumpur marine Sidoarjo. Indonesian Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development, 3(1), pp. 19-27.
Tufail, M. A., Bejarano, A., Shakoor, A., Naeem, A., Arif, M. S., Dar, A. A., Hassan, T. F., Pertot, I. & Puopolo, G. 2021. Can bacterial endophytes be used as a promising bio-inoculant for the mitigation of salinity stress in crop plants? A global meta-analysis of the last decade (2011–2020). Microorganisms 9(9), pp. 1861.
Widawati, S. & Suliasih. 2016. Isolasi, karakterisasi, analisa kimia dan deteksi BAPPT bakteri tanah perakaran padi dari Rambut Siwi, Bali. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Biologi ISBN: 978-602-0951-11-9.
Wijebandara, D. M., Iranie, D., Dasog, G. S., Patil, P. L. & Hebbar, M. 2009. Response of rice to nutrients and biofertilizers under conventional and system of rice intensification methods of cultivation in Tungabhadra command of Karnataka. Journal Agrica Science 22 (4), pp. 741-750.
Zahir, Z. A., Nadeem, S. M., Khan, M. Y., Binyamin, R. & Waqas, M. R. 2019. Role of halotolerant rhizobacteria isolated from halophytes on the growth of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) under salt stress. FEMS Microbiology Letters 364(11), pp. 1-8.
Published
2025-03-18
How to Cite
RAMADANI, Adib et al.
Kemampuan Bakteri Halotoleran dari Sedimen Mangrove Pantai Logending dalam Pelarutan Fosfat dan Penambatan Nitrogen.
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed, [S.l.], v. 7, n. 1, p. 76-83, mar. 2025.
ISSN 2714-8564.
Available at: <https://jos.unsoed.ac.id/index.php/bioe/article/view/14854>. Date accessed: 03 apr. 2025.
doi: https://doi.org/10.20884/1.bioe.2025.7.1.14854.
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Articles
