Isolasi, Karakterisasi dan Identifikasi Bakteri Penghasil Hemolisin pada Permukaan Daun Pohpohan (Pilea Melastomoides (Poir.) Wedd.)
Isolation, Characterization and Identification of Hemolysin-Producing Bacteria on the Surface of Pohpohan Leaves (Pilea Melastomoides (Poir.) Wedd.)
Abstract
Pohpohan (Pilea melastomoides (Poir.) Wedd.) umumnya dikonsumsi masyarakat sebagai lalapan. Sayuran segar yang dikonsumsi secara langsung dapat membawa bakteri patogen bawaan pangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengisolasi bakteri, mengarakterisasi, mengidentifikasi bakteri penghasil hemolisin pada permukaan daun pohpohan. Kuantifikasi bakteri pada media Blood Agar menunjukkan jumlah bakteri patogen sebanyak 6,2 x108 CFU/g. Koloni bakteri dengan morfologi yang berbeda dipilih dan dimurnikan untuk dikarakterisasi lebih lanjut meliputi karakter morfologi koloni dan selnya. Sebanyak delapan isolat bakteri terpilih memiliki warna koloni yang sama yaitu putih, namun memiliki bentuk, tepian, elevasi, karakteristik optik, dan permukaan koloni yang bervariasi. Semua isolat bakteri tersebut tergolong bakteri Gram positif berbentuk basil dengan penataan sel berantai atau tunggal. Kedelapan isolat terpilih mampu melisiskan sel darah merah (hemolisis positif), 6 isolat diantaranya tergolong ke dalam β-hemolisis, dan 2 isolat lainnya tergolong a-hemolisis. Identifikasi molekuler berdasarkan gen 16S rRNA menunjukkan empat isolat (PA7I1, PA8I5, PA8I6.2, PA9I3) memiliki kemiripan sekuens yang tinggi (similarity: lebih dari 99%) dengan bakteri Bacillus paramycoides, dua isolat (PA8I7, PA9I5) teridentifikasi sebagai Bacillus subtilis, dan dua isolat lainnya (PA8I6, PA914) teridentifikasi sebagai Bacillus cereus dan Bacillus tequilensis.
Kata kunci: Bacillus, hemolisis, pohpohan, sayuran segar
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Bottone, E. J. (2010). Bacillus cereus, a volatile human pathogen. Clin Microbiol Rev, 23, pp. 382–398
Bullen, JJ., Rogers, H.J., Spalding, P.B., & Ward, C.G. 2005. Iron and infection: the heart of the matter. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol, 43, pp. 325–330.
Claus, D. 1992. A standardized Gram staining procedure. World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 8, pp. 451–452.
DetikNews. 2007. Usai Makan Tumis Kol, Sekeluarga Keracunan
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Dietrich, R., Jessberge, N., Ehling-Schulz, M., Märtlbauer, E., & Granum, P.E. The food poisoning toxins of Bacillus cereus. Toxins, 13(98), pp. 1-50.
Gil, M.I., Selma, M.V., Suslow, T., Jacxsens, L., Uyttendaele, M., & Allende, A. 2015. Pre- and postharvest preventive measures and intervention strategies to control microbial food safety hazards of fresh leafy vegetables. Crit Rev Food Sci Nut, 55(4), pp. 453–468.
Hening, E.N.W., Priyanto, J.A., Prastya, M.E., Astuti, R.I., Hasidu, L.O.A.F., Jamilah. 2024. Soil bacteria from Muna Island, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia: Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities, and the presence of antibiotic-biosynthetic genes. J App Pharm Sci. 14(06), pp. 207-217.
Kodir, R.A., & Moektiwardoyo, M. 2022. Health benefits of three wild leafy vegetables in “lalapan” as sundanese traditional and ethnic foods. IJBP, 2(1), pp. 37-43.
Kumari, S., & Sarkar, P.K. 2016. Bacillus cereus hazard and control in industrial dairy processing environment. Food Cont, 69, pp. 20-29.
Leitao, J.H. 2020. Microbial virulence factors. IJMS, 21(5320), pp. 1-6.
Marchesi, J.R., Sato, T., Weightman, A.J., Martin, T.A., Fry, J.C., Him, D.J., & Wade, W.G. 1998. Design and evaluation of useful bacterium-specific PCR primers that amplify genes coding for bacterial 16S rRNA. Appl Environ Microbiol, 64(2), pp. 795-799.
Misgiyarta, Winarti C. 2023. Pengendalian kontaminan mikroba pada sayuran segar dengan formula sanitizer dari natrium hipoklorit dan asam asetat. Teknotan. 17(1), pp 43-51.
Mogrovejo, D.C., Perini, L., Gostin car, C., Sepˇ ci´ c, K., Turk, M., Ambrožiˇ c-Avguštin, J., Brill, F.H.H & Gunde-Cimerman, N. 2020. Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and hemolytic phenotypes in culturable arctic bacteria. Front Microbiol, 11(570), pp. 1-13.
Mritunjay, S.K., & Kumar. 2015. Fresh farm produce as a source of pathogens: a riview. Res J Environ. Toxicol, 9(2), pp. 59-70.
Munarso, S.J., Misgiyarta., R. Nurjanah., Murtiningsih., E. Mulyono., Suismono., Syaifullah., D. Amiyarsi., S. Nugraha dan S.I. Kailaku. 2004. Penelitian perilaku kontaminan pada komoditas sayuran. Laporan Akhir Penelitian 2004. BB. Litbang Pasacapanen Pertanian. Bogor.
Munarso, S.J., Misgiyarta., Syaifullah., Murtiningsih., Miskiyah, W. Haliza., Suismono., E. Mulyono., S. Nugraha., D. Amiyarsi., R. Nurjanah., Widaningrum., P. Yuwono., S.I. Kailaku dan A. Budiyanto. 2005. Identifikasi kontaminan dan perbaikan mutu sayuran. Laporan Akhir Penelitian 2005. BB. Litbang Pasacapanen Pertanian. Bogor
Ozkocaman, V., Ozcelik, T., Ali, R., Ozkalemkas, F., Ozkan, A., Ozakin, C., Akalin, H., Ursavas, A., Coskun, F., Ener, B., & Tunali, A. 2006. Bacillus spp. among hospitalized patients with haematological malignancies: clinical features, epidemics and outcomes. J Hosp Infect, 64(2), pp. 169-176.
Putri U, Hanina, Fitri AD. 2020. Kontaminasi soil transmitted heminths pada sayuran kubis dan selada di pasar tradisional kota Jambi. E-SEHAD. 1(1), pp.58-64.
Rahayuningsih, N., & Amelia, S. 2015. Uji aktivitas antidiabetes infusa daun pohpohan (Pilea trinervia Wight.) pada mencit putih jantan galur swiss webster. JKBTH, 13(1), pp. 89–94.
Sane, S., Tene, S.D., Diouara, A.A.M., Coundoul S., Mbengue, M., Dieye, Y. 2024. Bacterial community in fresh fruits and vegetables sold in streets and open-air markets of Dakar, Senegal. BMC Microbiol. 24, pp. 1-14. (2024).
Susilowati, D.N., Rahayuningsih, S., Sofiana, I., & Radiastuti, N. 2021. The potential of nutmeg’s microbes (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) as antagonistic agents against rigidoporus microporus. JLSO: Journal of Suboptimal Lands, 10(1), pp. 1-13.
Tokano, M., Tarumoto, N., Imai, K., Sakai, J., Maeda, T., Kawamura, T., Seo, K., Takahashi, K., Yamamoto, T., & Maesaki, S. 2023. Bacterial meningitis caused by Bacillus subtilis var. natto. Intern Med, 62(13), pp. 1989-1993.
Turista & Puspitasari. The growth of Staphylococcus aureus in the blood agar plate media of sheep blood and human blood groups A, B, AB, and O. 2019. J Technol Laboratory, 8(1), pp. 1-7.
Yeh, E., Pinsky, BA., Banaei, N., & Baron, E.J. 2009. Hair sheep blood, citratedor defibrinated, fulfills all requirements of blood agar for diagnostic microbiology laboratory tests. PLos ONE, 4(7), pp. 1-8.
Yennie, Y., Hariyadi. R.D., Kusumaningrum, H.D., & Poernomo, A. 2022. Kontaminasi Staphylococcus aureus dan Bacillus cereus pada susyi di tingkat ritel di wilayah jabodetabek. JPHPI, 25(2), pp. 331-344.
Yu, S., Yu, P., Wang, J., Li, C., Guo, H., Liu, C., Kong, L., & Yu, L. 2020. A study on prevalence and characterization of bacillus cereus in ready-to-eat foods in China. Front Microbiol, 10(3043), pp. 1-1.
Published
2025-03-16
How to Cite
NURAENI, Siti Panesya; BUDIARTI, Sri; PRIYANTO, Jepri Agung.
Isolasi, Karakterisasi dan Identifikasi Bakteri Penghasil Hemolisin pada Permukaan Daun Pohpohan (Pilea Melastomoides (Poir.) Wedd.).
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed, [S.l.], v. 7, n. 1, p. 45-51, mar. 2025.
ISSN 2714-8564.
Available at: <https://jos.unsoed.ac.id/index.php/bioe/article/view/13222>. Date accessed: 03 apr. 2025.
doi: https://doi.org/10.20884/1.bioe.2025.7.1.13222.
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Articles
