Therapeutic Activity Test of n-Hexane Fraction of Avocado Leaf Extract (Persea americana Mill.) on Burn Wounds in Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Abstract

Background: Indonesia's vast biodiversity serves as a significant reservoir for medicinal plants, such as the avocado tree (Persea americana Mill.), which contains bioactive compounds like flavonoids, saponins, and tannins known for their potent anti-inflammatory and tissue-regenerating properties. Objectives: Research has been conducted to examine the therapeutic activity of the n-hexane fraction of avocado leaf extract (Persea americana Mill.) on the healing of burn wounds in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).  Methods: This research is experimental and was carried out at the Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry Laboratory and the Pharmaceutical Biology Laboratory of Sandi Karsa Polytechnic, using a burn wound treatment testing method on rabbit test animals. The extract used is the result of avocado leaf fractionation, which is known to contain flavonoid compounds suspected to have potential as burn wound healing agents.  Key findings: Results of the analysis based on burn wound diameter measurements indicate that the avocado leaf fraction extract has an effect on the burn wound healing process. The administration of extract with concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 20% showed different healing levels, where the 20% concentration gave the best results with a healing percentage of 93%. Meanwhile, the positive control showed higher healing effectiveness with a percentage reaching 100%. Conclusions: Based on these results, it can be concluded that the avocado leaf fractionation extract is influential in accelerating burn wound healing in rabbits. The 20% concentration is the most effective concentration, although its healing effect is still lower compared to the positive control in the form of bioplacenton.