The Disunity of the Ummah Become 73 Groups in Takhrij Al-Hadith Perspective
Abstract
A Hadith states that Muslims will disunity into 73 groups. When the Prophet was still alive all the problems of the Ummah could be returned to him, so there was no disunity. But after he died, many problems surfaced. The event of tahkim (arbitration) as an attempt to resolve the Shiffin war, instead gave rise to three major groups, namely the Shi’ite, Khawarij and Muawwiyah. The last group is often referred to as the ahlus Sunni. These events are often used as legal points, for the emergence of various religious groups in Islam today. The writing of this study uses the study literature method. As for the results of this study concluded, that: a) The Hadith concerning "The disunity of the people into 73 groups", included the famous Hadith (popular), the Hadith that has been widely delivered by many figures and the general public also knows it; b) The narrators on each path or sanad traversed by the mukharrij al Hadith, on thobaqat tabi'in namely Abi Salamah with a friend named Abu Hurairah unknown meeting, so the position of this Hadith is not up to the degree of saheeh, because it is not continued (ghoiru muttasil). Based on the Quran, Hadith, or ushul analysis, the Hadith about the disunity of Muslims into 73 groups, it is better not to be used as the main material in lectures and or sermons, because it brings more damage than the benefit.
References
Akib, Nasri, ‘Kesahihan Sanad dan Matan Hadis: Kajian Ilmu Ilmu Sosial’, Shautut Tarbiyah, 15.1 (2009), 102-119.
Al-Asqalani, Syihabudin Abi al Fadhl Ahmad bin Ali bin Hajar,Thadzibu at Tahdzib, vol. 6 (Kairo: Darl Kitab al Islami).
Al-Mizri, Jamaluddin Abu al Hajjaj Yusuf, Tahdzib al Kamal fi Asmaa-i ar Rijal, vol. 2, 6, 8, 9, 11, 16, 17, 23, 26, 31 (Beirut: Muasassah ar Risalah).
As-Samarqandy Abi al-Laits Nashr bin Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Ibrahim, Tafsir al Samarqand (Beirut: Dar al Kutub al ‘Ilmiyah, 1993).
As-Sijistaniy, Abi Dawud as-Sulaiman bin al-Asy’atsi, Sunan Abi Dawud (Saudi Arabia: Bait al Afkari ad-Dauiliyat, t.t.).
At Tirmidzi, Abi ‘Isa Muhammad bin ‘Isa bin Saurah, Jami’u at Tirmidzi (Saudi Arabia: Bait al Afkari ad Dauiliyat, t.t.).
Atabik, Ahmad, ‘Melacak Historis Syi’ah: Asal Usul Perkembangan dan Aliran-Alrannya’, Fikrah: Jurnal Ilmu Aqidah dan Studi Keagamaan, 3.2 (2015).
Biography Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin ‘Ali bin al Husein al Hakim at Tirmidzi ra. See: https://www. konfrontasi.com/content/khazanah/riwayat-hidup-abu-abdullah-muhammad-bin-%E2%80%99ali-bin-al-husain-al-hakim-tirmidzi-ra, [accessed, April 9, 2020].
Biography of Iamm Ibnu Majah, See :http://bukuensiklopediaHadith/2013/04/biografi-imam-ibnu-majah.html, [Accessed Feb. 16, 2018].
Depag RI, Ensiklopedi Islam III (Jakarta : Depag RI, 1993).
Fianto, Jefri Adi, ‘Representasi Peristiwa Kerusuhan Sunni Syiah di Sampang Madura dalam Foto Foto Di Majalah Tempo, Edisi 24 Agusutus 2012-11 Agustus 2013 in Commonline Departemen Komunikasi, 4.1.
Gaffar, Abdul, ‘Jamaah Ahmadiyah Indonesia (JAI) dalam Perspektif Kekerasan Negara: Dua Kasus Dari Surabaya Jawa Timur dan Lombok NTB,’ Jurnal Sosiologi Islam, 3.2 (2013), 28-50.
Gaffar, Abdul, ‘Jamaah Ahmadiyah Indonesia (JAI) Dalam Perspektif Kekerasan Negara: Dua Kasus dari Surabaya Jawa Timur dan Lombok NTB’, Jurnal Sosiologi Islam, 3.2 (2013).
Hamdi, Saipul, ‘Politik Islah: Re-negoisasi Islah, Konflik, dan Kekuasaan dalam Nahdlatul Wathan Di Lombok Timur,’ Kawistara, 1.1 (2011), 1-14.
Hamdi, Saipul, ‘Politik Islah: Re-negoisasi Islah, Konflik, dan Kekuasaan dalam Nahdlatul Wathan di Lombok Timur’, Kawistara, 1.1 (2011).
Hitti, Philip K., History of The Arabs (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002).
Ida, Rachmah, and Laurentius Dyson. "Konflik Sunni-Syiah dan dampaknya terhadap komunikasi intra-religius pada komunitas di Sampang-Madura." Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik 28.1 (2015): 33-49.
Jamma, La, ‘Dimensi Ilahi dan Dimensi Insani dalam Maqashid al-Syari’ah,’ Asy-Syir’ah Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum, 45.2 (2011), 1251-1270.
Khatibah, ‘Penelitian Kepustakaan,’ Jurnal Iqra, 5.1 (2011), 36-39.
Mahfudz, Muhammad, ‘Konsep Ahlus Sunnah, Tahqiq dan Dirasah Kitab Hujjah Ahl As-Sunnah wa al-Jama’ah Karangan K.H. Ali Maksum,’Tesis, Pascasarjana UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, 2010.
Majah, Abi ‘Abdillah bin Muhammad bin Yazid bin, As-Sunan vol. 5 (Damaskus: Ar-Risalah al-‘Alamiyah, 2009).
Muhajirin, Ulumul Hadis II (Palembang: Noer Fikri, 2016).
Nasution, Harun, Islam Ditinjau Dari Berbagai Aspeknya I (Jakarta: UI Press, 1985).
Putra, Deni Hardiawan, ‘Fenomena Konflik Nahdlatul Ulama dan Salfi Gis Sunnah: Studi Kasus Di Perumahan Griya Indah Serpong, Gunung Sindur, Bogor’, Skripsi, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah, 2018.
Rahman, Asjmuni A., Qaidah-Qaidah Fiqh, (Jakarta: Bulan Bintang, 1976).
Syuhbah, Muhammad Muhammad Abu, Kitab Hadis Saheeh yang Enam (Jakarta: Pustaka Lentera Antar Nusa, 1991).
Tasbih, ‘Kedudukan dan Fungsi Hadis Sebagai Sumber Hukum Islam,’ Jurnal Al-Fikr, 14.3 (2010), 331-341.
Waskito, Abu Muhammad, Mendamaikan Ahlus Sunnah di Nusantara, Mencari Titik Kesepakatan antara Asy’ariyah dan Wahabiyah (Jakarta: Pustaka al Kausar, 2012).
Yuslem, Nawir, Sembilan Kitab Induk Hadis, Biografi Penulisnya dan Sistematika Penulisannya (Jakarta: Hijri Pustaka Utama, 2006).
