Istiqlal Mosque: Bridging Tradition, Modernity, and Muslim Societies
Abstract
This study examines the integration of tradition and modernity in Muslim societies through the lens of the Istiqlal Mosque, the largest mosque in Indonesia, located in Jakarta. As a symbol of national pride, Islamic identity, and communal unity, the mosque represents a unique blend of architectural heritage, contemporary design principles, and the social dynamics of Muslim communities. The research employs qualitative methods, analyzing the mosque's architectural elements, design philosophy, and functional aspects to investigate how traditional Islamic values harmoniously coexist with modern technological advancements. Through a comprehensive review of design documents and site observations, the study highlights the mosque's role as a reflection of Indonesia's diverse cultural and religious landscape and a space that nurtures the collective identity and practices of Muslim communities. The findings reveal that the Istiqlal Mosque is a model for merging historical traditions with modern innovations and societal needs.
References
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Ardhiati, Yuke, ‘Mosques without Dome (as a Tourist Attraction): A Religion Journey’, International Journal of Glocal Tourism, 3.1 (2022), doi:10.58982/injogt.v3i1.168
Ardiansyah; C. Sudianto Aly, Iqbal, ‘The Expression of Nation-Building and the Character-Building Spirit as Forms of National Identity as Observed in the Istiqlal Mosque’s Architecture’, Riset Arsitektur (RISA), 1.04 (2017), doi:10.26593/risa.v1i04.2752.399-412
Artkan, Merve, ‘The Use of Ottoman Architecture and Islamic Heritage as A Consumption Object in Contemporary Practices’, Journal of Islamic Architecture, 6.4 (2021), doi:10.18860/jia.v6i4.11811
Ashadi, Antariksa, and Purnama Salura, ‘Syncretism in Architectural Forms of Demak Grand Mosque’, J. Appl. Environ. Biol. Sci, 5.11 (2015)
Azra, Azyumardi, Pergolakan Politik Islam: Dari Fundamentalisme, Modernisme Hingga Post-Modernisme, Jakarta: Paramadina (Paramadina, 1996)
Azzahrah, Sharifah Fatimah, Sarah Abdulkareem Salih, Azmal Sabil, Nayeem Asif, and Sumarni Ismail, ‘Morphology and Typology of Islamic Dome Architectural Design in the Middle East and Central Asia: Persian Islamic Dome’, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 13.9 (2023), doi:10.6007/ijarbss/v13-i9/18436
Batuman, Bülent, ‘Architectural Mimicry and the Politics of Mosque Building: Negotiating Islam and Nation in Turkey’, Journal of Architecture, 21.3 (2016), doi:10.1080/13602365.2016.1179660
‘Beauty and Islam: Aesthetics in Islamic Art and Architecture’, Choice Reviews Online, 39.09 (2002), doi:10.5860/choice.39-4975
Cornax-Gómez, Carolina, and Jorge de Torres Rodríguez, ‘Urban Mosques in the Horn of Africa during the Medieval Period’, Revue Des Mondes Musulmans et de La Mediterranee, 153, 2023, doi:10.4000/remmm.19266
Ekomadyo, Agus S, ‘Architectural Representation of Islamic Modernism in Indonesia Case Study: Architecture of Achmad Noeman’, Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning, 7 (2011)
Erzen, Jale Nejdet, ‘Reading Mosques: Meaning and Architecture in Islam’, Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 2011, doi:10.1111/j.1540-6245.2010.01453.x
Fauzi, Fahrur, Misnal Munir, and Rizal Mustansyir, ‘Symbolism in the Aesthetics Architectural of Plosokuning Mosque Yogyakarta’, Research, Society and Development, 9.11 (2020), doi:10.33448/rsd-v9i11.10058
Fawaid, Achmad, Zamroni, and Hasan Baharun, ‘Contesting Sacred Architecture: Politics of “nation-State” in the Battles of Mosques in Java’, Qudus International Journal of Islamic Studies, 7.1 (2019), doi:10.21043/qijis.v7i1.4365
Freeman, Michael, Katherine Ellena, and Amina Kator-Mubarez, ‘Islamism in Indonesia’, The Global Spread of Islamism and the Consequences for Terrorism, 2021, pp. 23–56, doi:10.2307/j.ctv1bjc3n6.6
Gaber, Tammy, ‘Recasting the Religious Architecture of Islam’, American Journal of Islam and Society, 40.1–2 (2023), doi:10.35632/ajis.v40i1-2.3239
Hamid, Abdul Rosyid Teguhdin, ‘Studi Kasus Model Pendidikan Masjid Integratif Di Masjid Istiqlal’, Ta’dibuna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 11.4 (2022), doi:10.32832/tadibuna.v11i4.7992
Hasbi, Rahil Muhammad, and Wibisono Bagus Nimpuno, ‘Pengaruh Arsitektur Modern Pada Desain Masjid Istiqlal’, Vitruvian, 8.2 (2019), doi:10.22441/vitruvian.2018.v8i2.005
Hashem Hassan Al-Musawi, Sadiq, and Muhammad Hashem Fadawi, ‘The Architectural Design of the Holy Shrines’, Al-Academy, 2023, doi:10.35560/jcofarts1228
Ismail, Alice Sabrina, and Nurul Syaheera Aziz, ‘Macma Islamic Ideology in Chinese Muslim Mosques Towards Universalizing Islam in Malaysia’, Journal of Islamic Architecture, 7.2 (2022), doi:10.18860/jia.v7i2.15777
Josephine, Eva Evita Chatharina, ‘The Study of Geometric Forms, Proportion and Scale of Heritage Buildings Due to Architectural Theory’, IPTEK Journal of Proceedings Series, 0.3 (2017), doi:10.12962/j23546026.y2017i3.2455
Koptseva, Natalia P., Ksenia V. Reznikova, and Veronika A. Razumovskaya, ‘The Construction of Cultural and Religious Identities in the Temple Architecture’, Journal of Siberian Federal University - Humanities and Social Sciences, 11.7 (2018), doi:10.17516/1997-1370-0291
Kusno, Abidin, ‘“The Reality of One-Which-Is-Two” - Mosque Battles and Other Stories: Notes on Architecture, Religion, and Politics in the Javanese World’, Journal of Architectural Education, 2003, doi:10.1162/104648803322336593
Mohammed Ismail ELTAWAB, Nagwa, ‘Innovation of the Employment of Heritage Character in Islamic Architecture’, International Journal of Architectural Engineering and Urban Research, 2.1 (2019), doi:10.21608/ijaeur.2019.221717
Mostafa, Sanagik Ibrahim, and Mai Ahmad Shaaban El-Basel, ‘Environment Influence on Architecture and Interior Design in Islamic Civilization’, 23.5 (2020)
Pasu Simamora, Ojak P, and Dra Bedriati Ibrahim, Biography Frederich Cycle of Architecture Architecture Istiqlal Mosque, JOM FKIP VOLUME, 2018, V
Pujalte, M. M., and N. Navarra, ‘Places of Faith: A Reflection on Landscape of Manila Cathedral Plaza de Roma and Istiqlal Mosque Sacred Grounds of Jakarta’, in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2017, XCI, doi:10.1088/1755-1315/91/1/012027
Ridesta, Vitara, Nazwa Aulia, Atik Hajar Zaidah, Nanik Puji Hastuti, Maryunah Maryunah, and Fakhrurozi Fakhrurozi, ‘Moderasi Beragama Berbasis Masjid: Analisis Konten Kanal Youtube-TV Masjid Istiqlal Jakarta’, Academic Journal of Islamic Principles and Philosophy, 3.2 (2022), doi:10.22515/ajipp.v3i2.5556
Roose, Eric Reinier, The Architectural Representation of Islam : Muslim-Commissioned Mosque Design in The Netherlands, The Architectural Representation of Islam : Muslim-Commissioned Mosque Design in The Netherlands, 2009, doi:10.5117/9789089641335
Rosa, Prili Diana, and Gagih Pradini, ‘Persepsi Wisatawan Terhadap Fasilitas Wisata Religi Masjid Istiqlal Di Jakarta’, Media Bina Ilmiah, 17.6 (2023)
Salikha, Rahmatunnisa Nur, Djoko Sihono Gabriel, and Rahmat Nurcahyo, ‘Utilization Scheme of Ablution Water as an Alternative Water Resource: A Case Study of Istiqlal Mosque, Jakarta’, Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems, 12.3 Special Issue (2020), doi:10.5373/JARDCS/V12SP3/20201341
Sarram, Arman, Nayeem Asif, Nangkula Utaberta, Seni Bina, and Fakulti Rekabentuk, ‘Mosque in Compact Cities: Impact of Urbanization on Planning and Design of Contemporary Mosques in Nusantara’, Article in International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 8.1 (2019)
Setyawati, Endang, Adwiyah Asyifa, Hendro Trieddiantoro Putro, and Mohammad Ischak, ‘Developing A Virtual Reality Application of Pathok Negoro Mosque for Digital Conservation’, Journal of Architectural Design and Urbanism, 2.1 (2019), doi:10.14710/jadu.v2i1.5517
Shokoohy, Natalie H., ‘Architectural Diversity in South Asian Islam’, in South Asian Islam: A Spectrum of Integration and Indigenization, 2023, doi:10.4324/9781003439530-12
Simamora, Ojak Pasu P, Bedriati Ibrahim, and Bunari, ‘Biografi Friedrich Silaban Perancang Arsitektur Masjid Istiqlal’, Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Keguruan Dan Ilmu Pendidikan, 5.2 (2018)
Sofyansyah, Hendra, and Erman Anom, ‘The Role of The Website-Based Public Service Information System of The Istiqlal Mosque Management Agency’, International Journal Software Engineering and Computer Science (IJSECS), 3.1 (2023), doi:10.35870/ijsecs.v3i1.884
Tajuddin, Mohamad, Mohamad Rasdi, and Nangkula Utaberta, ‘Mosque Architecture in Malaysia: Classification of Styles and Possible Influence’, Journal of Southeast Asia, 2007
Tajudeen, Imran bin, ‘Mosques and Minaretes: Transregional Connections in Eighteenth-Century Southeast Asia’, Journal18, 4, 2017, doi:10.30610/4.2017.4
Widodo, Taufiq, and Primi Artiningrum, ‘The Semiotics Study of Al-Ahdhar Mosque Architecture Using the Trichotomy of Charles Sanders Peirce’, ARTEKS : Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur, 7.2 (2022), doi:10.30822/arteks.v7i2.1827
Wiryomartono, Bagoes, ‘Contemporary Mosques in Indonesia: Cultural Intervention, Contestation, and Syncretism’, in Historical Mosques in Indonesia and the Malay World, 2023, doi:10.1007/978-981-99-3806-3_5
Wiryomartono, Bagoes, ‘Tradition and Intervention in Indonesian Mosque Architecture: Islam, Colonialism, and Local Culture’, in Historical Mosques in Indonesia and the Malay World, 2023, doi:10.1007/978-981-99-3806-3_3
Yusof, Z.B., ‘Islam And Architecture: Architectural Interpretation from the Values of the al Quran and Sunnah.’, Islam and Built Environment, 1.June 2011 (2016)
Zilivinskaya, E. D., ‘Islam and Survivals of Pre-Islamic Beliefs in the Golden Horde on the Materials of Architectural Funeral Structures’, Zolotoordynskoe Obozrenie, 11.4 (2023), doi:10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-4.758-783
Ahmed, Hatem, ‘The Influence of Fatimid Architecture Heritage on Sustainable Design of Contemporary Architectural Facades’, International Design Journal, 13.1 (2023), doi:10.21608/idj.2023.280085
Aljawder, Hana, and Hala A. El-Wakeel, ‘Architecture and Privacy in Islam: An Analytical Review’, in WIT Transactions on the Built Environment, 2022, CCXI, doi:10.2495/IHA220101
Al-Saffar, Mazin, ‘Baghdad; City of Cultural Heritage and Monumental Islamic Architecture’, DISEGNARECON, 2020, doi:10.20365/disegnarecon.25.2020.14
Ardhiati, Yuke, ‘Mosques without Dome (as a Tourist Attraction): A Religion Journey’, International Journal of Glocal Tourism, 3.1 (2022), doi:10.58982/injogt.v3i1.168
Ardiansyah; C. Sudianto Aly, Iqbal, ‘The Expression of Nation-Building and the Character-Building Spirit as Forms of National Identity as Observed in the Istiqlal Mosque’s Architecture’, Riset Arsitektur (RISA), 1.04 (2017), doi:10.26593/risa.v1i04.2752.399-412
Artkan, Merve, ‘The Use of Ottoman Architecture and Islamic Heritage as A Consumption Object in Contemporary Practices’, Journal of Islamic Architecture, 6.4 (2021), doi:10.18860/jia.v6i4.11811
Ashadi, Antariksa, and Purnama Salura, ‘Syncretism in Architectural Forms of Demak Grand Mosque’, J. Appl. Environ. Biol. Sci, 5.11 (2015)
Azra, Azyumardi, Pergolakan Politik Islam: Dari Fundamentalisme, Modernisme Hingga Post-Modernisme, Jakarta: Paramadina (Paramadina, 1996)
Azzahrah, Sharifah Fatimah, Sarah Abdulkareem Salih, Azmal Sabil, Nayeem Asif, and Sumarni Ismail, ‘Morphology and Typology of Islamic Dome Architectural Design in the Middle East and Central Asia: Persian Islamic Dome’, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 13.9 (2023), doi:10.6007/ijarbss/v13-i9/18436
Batuman, Bülent, ‘Architectural Mimicry and the Politics of Mosque Building: Negotiating Islam and Nation in Turkey’, Journal of Architecture, 21.3 (2016), doi:10.1080/13602365.2016.1179660
‘Beauty and Islam: Aesthetics in Islamic Art and Architecture’, Choice Reviews Online, 39.09 (2002), doi:10.5860/choice.39-4975
Cornax-Gómez, Carolina, and Jorge de Torres Rodríguez, ‘Urban Mosques in the Horn of Africa during the Medieval Period’, Revue Des Mondes Musulmans et de La Mediterranee, 153, 2023, doi:10.4000/remmm.19266
Ekomadyo, Agus S, ‘Architectural Representation of Islamic Modernism in Indonesia Case Study: Architecture of Achmad Noeman’, Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning, 7 (2011)
Erzen, Jale Nejdet, ‘Reading Mosques: Meaning and Architecture in Islam’, Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 2011, doi:10.1111/j.1540-6245.2010.01453.x
Fauzi, Fahrur, Misnal Munir, and Rizal Mustansyir, ‘Symbolism in the Aesthetics Architectural of Plosokuning Mosque Yogyakarta’, Research, Society and Development, 9.11 (2020), doi:10.33448/rsd-v9i11.10058
Fawaid, Achmad, Zamroni, and Hasan Baharun, ‘Contesting Sacred Architecture: Politics of “nation-State” in the Battles of Mosques in Java’, Qudus International Journal of Islamic Studies, 7.1 (2019), doi:10.21043/qijis.v7i1.4365
Freeman, Michael, Katherine Ellena, and Amina Kator-Mubarez, ‘Islamism in Indonesia’, The Global Spread of Islamism and the Consequences for Terrorism, 2021, pp. 23–56, doi:10.2307/j.ctv1bjc3n6.6
Gaber, Tammy, ‘Recasting the Religious Architecture of Islam’, American Journal of Islam and Society, 40.1–2 (2023), doi:10.35632/ajis.v40i1-2.3239
Hamid, Abdul Rosyid Teguhdin, ‘Studi Kasus Model Pendidikan Masjid Integratif Di Masjid Istiqlal’, Ta’dibuna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 11.4 (2022), doi:10.32832/tadibuna.v11i4.7992
Hasbi, Rahil Muhammad, and Wibisono Bagus Nimpuno, ‘Pengaruh Arsitektur Modern Pada Desain Masjid Istiqlal’, Vitruvian, 8.2 (2019), doi:10.22441/vitruvian.2018.v8i2.005
Hashem Hassan Al-Musawi, Sadiq, and Muhammad Hashem Fadawi, ‘The Architectural Design of the Holy Shrines’, Al-Academy, 2023, doi:10.35560/jcofarts1228
Ismail, Alice Sabrina, and Nurul Syaheera Aziz, ‘Macma Islamic Ideology in Chinese Muslim Mosques Towards Universalizing Islam in Malaysia’, Journal of Islamic Architecture, 7.2 (2022), doi:10.18860/jia.v7i2.15777
Josephine, Eva Evita Chatharina, ‘The Study of Geometric Forms, Proportion and Scale of Heritage Buildings Due to Architectural Theory’, IPTEK Journal of Proceedings Series, 0.3 (2017), doi:10.12962/j23546026.y2017i3.2455
Koptseva, Natalia P., Ksenia V. Reznikova, and Veronika A. Razumovskaya, ‘The Construction of Cultural and Religious Identities in the Temple Architecture’, Journal of Siberian Federal University - Humanities and Social Sciences, 11.7 (2018), doi:10.17516/1997-1370-0291
Kusno, Abidin, ‘“The Reality of One-Which-Is-Two” - Mosque Battles and Other Stories: Notes on Architecture, Religion, and Politics in the Javanese World’, Journal of Architectural Education, 2003, doi:10.1162/104648803322336593
Mohammed Ismail ELTAWAB, Nagwa, ‘Innovation of the Employment of Heritage Character in Islamic Architecture’, International Journal of Architectural Engineering and Urban Research, 2.1 (2019), doi:10.21608/ijaeur.2019.221717
Mostafa, Sanagik Ibrahim, and Mai Ahmad Shaaban El-Basel, ‘Environment Influence on Architecture and Interior Design in Islamic Civilization’, 23.5 (2020)
Pasu Simamora, Ojak P, and Dra Bedriati Ibrahim, Biography Frederich Cycle of Architecture Architecture Istiqlal Mosque, JOM FKIP VOLUME, 2018, V
Pujalte, M. M., and N. Navarra, ‘Places of Faith: A Reflection on Landscape of Manila Cathedral Plaza de Roma and Istiqlal Mosque Sacred Grounds of Jakarta’, in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2017, XCI, doi:10.1088/1755-1315/91/1/012027
Ridesta, Vitara, Nazwa Aulia, Atik Hajar Zaidah, Nanik Puji Hastuti, Maryunah Maryunah, and Fakhrurozi Fakhrurozi, ‘Moderasi Beragama Berbasis Masjid: Analisis Konten Kanal Youtube-TV Masjid Istiqlal Jakarta’, Academic Journal of Islamic Principles and Philosophy, 3.2 (2022), doi:10.22515/ajipp.v3i2.5556
Roose, Eric Reinier, The Architectural Representation of Islam : Muslim-Commissioned Mosque Design in The Netherlands, The Architectural Representation of Islam : Muslim-Commissioned Mosque Design in The Netherlands, 2009, doi:10.5117/9789089641335
Rosa, Prili Diana, and Gagih Pradini, ‘Persepsi Wisatawan Terhadap Fasilitas Wisata Religi Masjid Istiqlal Di Jakarta’, Media Bina Ilmiah, 17.6 (2023)
Salikha, Rahmatunnisa Nur, Djoko Sihono Gabriel, and Rahmat Nurcahyo, ‘Utilization Scheme of Ablution Water as an Alternative Water Resource: A Case Study of Istiqlal Mosque, Jakarta’, Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems, 12.3 Special Issue (2020), doi:10.5373/JARDCS/V12SP3/20201341
Sarram, Arman, Nayeem Asif, Nangkula Utaberta, Seni Bina, and Fakulti Rekabentuk, ‘Mosque in Compact Cities: Impact of Urbanization on Planning and Design of Contemporary Mosques in Nusantara’, Article in International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 8.1 (2019)
Setyawati, Endang, Adwiyah Asyifa, Hendro Trieddiantoro Putro, and Mohammad Ischak, ‘Developing A Virtual Reality Application of Pathok Negoro Mosque for Digital Conservation’, Journal of Architectural Design and Urbanism, 2.1 (2019), doi:10.14710/jadu.v2i1.5517
Shokoohy, Natalie H., ‘Architectural Diversity in South Asian Islam’, in South Asian Islam: A Spectrum of Integration and Indigenization, 2023, doi:10.4324/9781003439530-12
Simamora, Ojak Pasu P, Bedriati Ibrahim, and Bunari, ‘Biografi Friedrich Silaban Perancang Arsitektur Masjid Istiqlal’, Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Keguruan Dan Ilmu Pendidikan, 5.2 (2018)
Sofyansyah, Hendra, and Erman Anom, ‘The Role of The Website-Based Public Service Information System of The Istiqlal Mosque Management Agency’, International Journal Software Engineering and Computer Science (IJSECS), 3.1 (2023), doi:10.35870/ijsecs.v3i1.884
Tajuddin, Mohamad, Mohamad Rasdi, and Nangkula Utaberta, ‘Mosque Architecture in Malaysia: Classification of Styles and Possible Influence’, Journal of Southeast Asia, 2007
Tajudeen, Imran bin, ‘Mosques and Minaretes: Transregional Connections in Eighteenth-Century Southeast Asia’, Journal18, 4, 2017, doi:10.30610/4.2017.4
Widodo, Taufiq, and Primi Artiningrum, ‘The Semiotics Study of Al-Ahdhar Mosque Architecture Using the Trichotomy of Charles Sanders Peirce’, ARTEKS : Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur, 7.2 (2022), doi:10.30822/arteks.v7i2.1827
Wiryomartono, Bagoes, ‘Contemporary Mosques in Indonesia: Cultural Intervention, Contestation, and Syncretism’, in Historical Mosques in Indonesia and the Malay World, 2023, doi:10.1007/978-981-99-3806-3_5
Wiryomartono, Bagoes, ‘Tradition and Intervention in Indonesian Mosque Architecture: Islam, Colonialism, and Local Culture’, in Historical Mosques in Indonesia and the Malay World, 2023, doi:10.1007/978-981-99-3806-3_3
Yusof, Z.B., ‘Islam And Architecture: Architectural Interpretation from the Values of the al Quran and Sunnah.’, Islam and Built Environment, 1.June 2011 (2016)
Zilivinskaya, E. D., ‘Islam and Survivals of Pre-Islamic Beliefs in the Golden Horde on the Materials of Architectural Funeral Structures’, Zolotoordynskoe Obozrenie, 11.4 (2023), doi:10.22378/2313-6197.2023-11-4.758-783
Published
2025-01-31
How to Cite
ALAM, Lukis; FANANI, Fahril.
Istiqlal Mosque: Bridging Tradition, Modernity, and Muslim Societies.
Matan : Journal of Islam and Muslim Society, [S.l.], v. 7, n. 1, p. 16-33, jan. 2025.
ISSN 2715-0119.
Available at: <https://jos.unsoed.ac.id/index.php/matan/article/view/14856>. Date accessed: 14 mar. 2025.
doi: https://doi.org/10.20884/1.matan.2025.7.1.14856.
Section
Articles
