Penerapan Metode Ear Hanging pada Budidaya Kerang Hotate (Mizuhopecten yessoensis) di Perairan Otoshibe, Hokkaido
Abstract
Budidaya kerang hotate (Mizuhopecten yessoensis) merupakan komoditas akuakultur bernilai ekonomi tinggi di Jepang. Penelitian ini mengkaji penerapan teknik budidaya, khususnya metode ear hanging, di Perusahaan Tateoka Suuji, Otoshibe, Hokkaido. Metode penelitian mencakup partisipasi aktif, observasi, wawancara, dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa budidaya dilakukan melalui tahapan terintegrasi: seleksi bibit (chigai) ukuran 2–3 cm, aklimatisasi, pemeliharaan awal dalam maru-kago untuk perlindungan dari predator, pembesaran dengan metode ear hanging (pelubangan cangkang dan penggantungan pada tali vertikal), pemantauan lingkungan rutin, serta pemanenan saat kerang mencapai ukuran 10–12 cm. Metode ear hanging efektif meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup, meskipun sangat bergantung pada keterampilan teknis pekerja dalam proses pelubangan dan pemasangan. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa penerapan teknik yang tepat dan manajemen cermat merupakan kunci keberhasilan budidaya kerang hotate secara berkelanjutan.
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