Optimizing Green Packaging and Environmental Cost Accountability in Publicly Listed Small and Medium Enterprises in Indonesia

Abstract

This study aims to explore how publicly listed small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia implement green packaging practices and account for environmental costs in their sustainability reporting. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through document analysis of sustainability reports and company disclosures published on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The study focuses on ten SMEs across various sectors that are listed on the acceleration and development boards. The findings reveal that while green packaging is increasingly recognized as part of sustainability initiatives, its implementation varies significantly due to cost limitations, supplier availability, and inconsistent policy enforcement. Furthermore, environmental cost accountability remains underdeveloped, with many SMEs reporting environmental-related activities without disclosing associated financial details. This research highlights the need for more standardized environmental accounting guidelines and greater institutional support to encourage environmentally responsible practices among listed SMEs. The findings offer practical insights for regulators, SME managers, and investors seeking to evaluate the environmental responsibility of publicly traded small businesses.