Pengaruh Kesehatan dan Pendidikan Terhadap Kemiskinan di 10 Kabupaten Jawa Timur Periode 2016-2024

Abstract

Poverty remains a major policy challenge in Indonesia, including East Java Province, despite improvements in the Human Development Index (HDI). This study examines the effects of Life Expectancy (LE), Average Years of Schooling (AYS), and Adjusted Per Capita Expenditure (APCE) on the Percentage of the Poor Population (PPP), as well as the moderating role of APCE. Using data from the 10 regencies with the highest poverty rates in East Java, the study applies the Fixed Effects Model (FEM) and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results indicate that LE and APCE significantly reduce poverty, whereas AYS has a significant positive effect. APCE moderates the relationship between LE and poverty but does not moderate the effect of AYS. APCE also exhibits the strongest influence on poverty. These findings highlight the need for integrated local policies that expand access to health care and nutrition, align education with labor market demands, and strengthen community economic empowerment to accelerate poverty reduction.