Kerjasama Pengelolaan Perikanan Samudera Hindia Dalam Rezim Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC)
Abstract
Abstrak
Negara-negara di sekitar Samudera Hindia dihadapkan pada permasalahan perikanan yaitu berupa kegiatan penangkapan Ikan Tuna secara tidak sah (illegal), tidak dilaporkan (unreported) dan tidak sesuai dengan peraturan (unregulated) atau IUU fishing. Dari tahun ke tahun jumlah penangkapan Ikan Tuna di Samudera Hindia terus mengalami peningkatan seiring dengan meningkatnya kebutuhan masyarakat dunia terhadap daging Ikan Tuna. Hal inilah yang kemudian mendorong munculnya kegiatan penangkapan ikan IUU tersebut yang tentu saja memberikan dampak negatif terhadap ketersediaan dan kelestarian Ikan Tuna itu sendiri. Perbedaan kapasitas yang dimiliki negara-negara di sekitar wilayah Samudera Hindia atau negara-negara lain yang memiliki kepentingan di wilayah tersebut dalam menanggulangi masalah IUU telah mendorong negara-negara tersebut untuk membentuk rezim kerjasama perikanan regional melalui pembentukan Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC). Kerjasama ini diharapkan mampu menyelesaikan permasalahan kegiatan penangkapan Tuna secara IUU disamping pula permasalahan lain terkait pengelolaan dan konservasi Ikan Tuna di Samudera Hindia.
Kata-kata kunci: kerjasama, rezim, perikanan tuna, IOTC, Samudera Hindia
Abstract
The countries in Indian Ocean has several fishing problems such as Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) Tuna fishing. Year by year Tuna fishing in Indian Ocean continue increase due to the increase of Tuna meat needed by people arround the world. This condition encourage the rise of IUU fishing that give a negative impact to the availability and conservation of the Tuna fish themself. The distinction of the countries capacity in Indian Ocean and another countries that have many interest and needed in that area has encourage those countries to establish regional cooperation regime in Tuna fishing through the establishment of Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC). This cooperation is expected to solve IUU fishing and also another problems in management and conservation of Tuna Fish in Indian Ocean.
Keywords: cooperation, rezim, tuna fisheries, IOTC, Indian Ocean
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