Perilaku Memilih Umpan Dengan Fagostimulan Yang Berbeda Pada Kecoak Jerman Blattella germanica L. (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae)
Abstract
German cockroach (Blattella germanica L.) is one of the important residential pest insects, because of its role as a vector of disease. To reduce its population, it can be used with bait techniques. However, there was a rejection of glucose against German cockroaches against phagostimulant-based commercial bait. Therefore it is necessary to review the phagostimulant as a component of the bait to minimize failure to control German cockroaches based on bait using German cockroaches strain VCRU (Vector Control Research Unit). The first step to formulating the bait is to find the phagostimulant most sought by German cockroaches. The ingredients used as fagostimlan are sugar, durian, erythritol, and banana.
The purpose of this study was to determine the behavior of choosing German cockroaches against bait with different phagostimulants and the peak of feeding activity in German cockroaches. This study used an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments giving phagostimulant and repeated 4 times divided into four test arenas. The treatment consisted of bait which each contained sugar, durian, erythritol, and banana as phagostimulants. Observation of behavior using the method of behavior sampling is recorded in continuous recording for 24 hours using a Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) camera. The parameters measured were latency, frequency, duration, and peak feeding activity of German cockroaches. The data were analyzed with ANOVA at p <0.05.
The results showed that the behavior of selecting cockroaches from the VCRU strain on the bait was not significantly different (p<0.05) and was attracted to all feeds provided, but gel bait with sugar phagostimulant was the preferred bait by looking at the three parameters of latency, frequency, and duration. The results of the average latency in the VCRU strain to the durian gel for 17 minutes, the average frequency of most visits to the sugar gel in the VCRU strain by 10 times, the longest average duration of the VCRU strain gel for 1 minute 46 seconds and peak eating activity VCRU strains occur between 17:00 - 20:00.
References
Ahmad, I. & Suliyat, 2011. Development of Fipronil Gel Bait Against German Cockcroaches, Blattella germanica (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae): Laboratory and Field Performance in Bandung, Indonesia. Journal of Entomology, 8(3) : 288-294.
Ahmad, I., Waldbauer, G. P. & Friedman, S., 1993. Maxillectomy Does not Disrupt Self-Selection by Larvae of Manduca sexta (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am, 86(4) : 458-463.
Amalia, H. & Harahap, I. S., 2010. Preferensi Kecoa Amerika Periplaneta americana L. (Blattaria: Blattidae) terhadap Berbagai Kombinasi Umpan. Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia, VII(2) : 67-77.
Antarlina, S. S., 2009. Identifikasi Sifat Fisik dan KImia Buah-buahan Lokal Kalimantan. Buletin Plasma Nutfah, 2(15) : 80-90.
Arifah, F. G., Hestiningsih, R. & Rahardian, R., 2016. Preferensi Keocak Amerika Priplaneta americana (L.) (Blattaria: Blattidae) terhadap Baiting Gel. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 4(4).
Az, S. Z. N., Hariani, N. & Trimurti, S., 2018. Studi Ketertarikan Kecoak Jerman (Blattella germanica L.) pada Karbohidrat dari Ampas Tahu dan Ampas Kelapa. Bioprospek, 13(1) : 12-18.
Chan, J. H. H. & Martinez, C. A., 2007. Roach Bait Attractive To Many Species Of Roach And Useful In Their Rapid Control, United States: Patent Application Publication, Pub. No: US 2007/0014826 A1.
Chapman, R. E., 2003. Feeding Behavior. In: V. H. Resh & T. R. CArde, eds. Encyclopedia of Insect. Florida: Academic Press : 409-414.
Dethier, V. G., 1954. Evolution of Feeding Preferences in Phytophagous Insect. Evolution, 8 : 33-54.
Hadi, U. K. & Sigit, S. H., 2006. Hama Permukiman Indonesia. 1st ed. Bogor: Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Lauprasert, P., Sitthicharoenchai, D. & Pradatsusarasar, 2006. Food Preference and Feeding Behavior of The German Cockroach, Blattella germanica (Linnaeus). J. Sci, Res. Chula, 31(2).
Martin, P. & Bateson, P., 1986. Measuring Behaviour: An Introductory Guide. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Martin, P. & Bateson, P., 1993. Measuring Behaviour. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Mustikawati, D., Martini & Hadi, M., 2016. Pengaruh Variasi Umpan Aroma Terhadap Jumlah Lalat yang Terperangkap Dalam Perangkap Warna Kuning (Studi di Kandang Sapi Dusun Tegalsari Desa Sidomukti Kecamatan Bandungan Kabupaten Semarang). Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 4(4) : 275-281.
Pol, J. C., Jimenez, S. I. & Gries, G., 2017. New Food Baits for Trapping German Cockroachs, Blattella germanica (L.) (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 6(110) : 2518-2526.
Ratnasari, A., 2014. Efisiensi Larutan Antiseptik Ekstrak Daun Cengkeh (Syzygium aromatikum L.) Untuk Mortalitas Kecoa Sebagai Hama Pemukiman. ISSN 1693-7945, VI(12).
RI, D. G. D. K., 1981. Daftar Komposisi Bahan Makanan, Jakarta: Bhratara Karya Aksara.
Silverman, J. & Bieman, D. N., 1993. Glucose Aversion in the German Cockroach, Blattella germanica. J. Insect Physiol, 39(11) : 925-933.
Steel, C. J. & Torrie, J. H., 1995. Prinsip dan Prosedur Statistik. Jakarta: PT. Gramedia.
Suliyat, 2009. Umpan Gel Untuk Mengendalikan Kecoa Jerman, Blattella germanica (Dictyoptera: Balttellidae): Studi Laboratorium dan Lapangan, Bandung: Institut Teknologi Bandung.
Tang, S. B., Lee, J. C., Jung, J. K. & Choi, M.-Y., 2017. Effect of Erythritol Formulation on The Mortality, Fecundity and Physiological Excreation in Drosophila suzukii. Journal of Insect Physiology, Issue 101 : 178-184.
Waldbauer, G. P. & Friedman, S., 1991. Self-Selection of Optimal Diets By Insects. Ann. Rev. Entomol, Volume 36 : 46-63.
Wang, C., M, S. & G, W. B., 2004. Behavioral and Physiological Resistance of The German Cockroach to Gel Bait (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae). J. Econ. Entomol, Issue 97 : 2067-2072.
Willis, M. A. & Avondet, J. L., 2005. Odor-modulated Orientation in Walking Male Cockroach, Periplaneta americana (L.) and The Effect of Odor Plumes of Different Structures. J. Exp. Biol, Volume 208 : 721-735.
Winarno, F. G., 2001. Hama Gudangdan Teknik Pemberantasannya. Bogor: M Brio Press.
