SEBARAN IBU PEROKOK PASIF DENGAN KEHAMILAN
Abstract
Latar belakang : Perokok pasif didefinisikan sebagai orang yang menghirup asap dari ujung batang rokok yang menyala dan dari asap yang dihembuskan oleh perokok lain. Hal ini berdampak pada kesehatannya tak terkecuali ibu hamil karena asap rokok melintasi plasenta, menginduksi komplikasi kehamilan, mengurangi pertumbuhan janin intrauterin dan meningkatkan risiko kelahiran prematur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sebaran yang dapat berakibat dampak perokok pasif terhadap komplikasi kehamilan
Metode : Rancangan deskriptif observasional dengan data meliputi identitas dan status perokok aktif maupun pasif didapatkan dengan metode consecutive sampling melalui kuesioner yang diisi oleh pasien saat masuk serta yang bersedia diikutkan dalam penelitian sedangkan data yang berkaitan dengan medis didapatkan dari catatan medis pasien di RSIA Bunda arif Purwokerto periode Januari 2019 - Desember 2020 dengan kriteria inklusi komplikasi yang terjadi hanya tunggal pada maternal atau perinatal.
Hasil : Perokok pasif yang bersalin di RSIA Bunda arif periode Januari 2019 - Desember 2020 sebanyak 911 orang (37,1 %) dari 2450 ibu hamil. 777 orang (85,2 %) ibu hamil perokok pasif mengalami komplikasi kehamilan. Komplikasi terbanyak pada maternal, 223 orang (24,4%) mengalami persalinan lama dan yang terendah terjadinya perdarahan pasca salin, 21 orang (2,3%). Untuk komplikasi pada bayi, asfiksi mendominasi kejadiannya 61 (6,6%).
Simpulan : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pendahuluan yang mendapatkan sebaran komplikasi maternal atau perinatal perokok pasif pada ibu hamil berupa pre eklampsia, diabetes gestasional, persalinan prematur, persalinan lewat waktu, riwayat abortus iminens, perdarahan ante partum, perdarahan pasca salin, persalinan lama, kecil masa kehamilan (KMK), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), intrauterine fetal death (IUFD), asfiksia dan kelainan kongenital.
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