PROFILE OF CD14 PROTEIN EXPRESSION IN URINE OF PROSTATE CANCER PATIENTS: PRELIMINARY STUDY AS A NON-INVASIVE BIOMARKERS CANDIDATE DEVELOPMENT
Abstract
Prostate cancer (Pca) is a malignancy with a high incidence and mortality accompanied by advanced stage conditions in Indonesia. The delay in diagnosis is due to the absence of specific non-invasive biomarkers that can detect Pca early. CD14 protein is known to play a major role in the occurrence of malignancy in Pca. However, the role and alterations expressions in the urine of Pca are unclear. This study uses an analytical observational study using urine samples to detect CD14 protein expression using Elisa.Twelve urine samples of Pca and BPH were collected after obtaining ethical clearance and informed consent to participate in this study. Bioinformatics analysis using the TCGA database determines how changes in CD14 expression in tissue samples and sequence changes due to mutations and their relationship with poor prognosis for patients.GO Functional Analysis was carried out to determine the mechanism and role of the CD14. Data analysis was performed using GraphPad PRISM version 6 (GraphPad Software Inc., La Jolla, CA) dan curve expert 1.4.patient characteristics showed the median age of Pca patients was 63.5 years compared to 64 years of BPH patients. Pca patients in the metastatic group dominant at ISUP grade 5 (25%).On average, Pca patients have higher CD14 rates (0.208 ng/mL) compared to BPH (0.114 ng/mL) (p <0.05).Alteration of CD14 expression is known to have a role in the inflammatory response and is closely related to poor prognosis with patient survival rates with increased CD14 expression (p < 0.5). The conclusion of this study shows an increase in CD14 protein expression in urine Pca and is related to changes in function and poor prognosis.
References
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Bas, S., Gauthier, B. R., Spenato, U., Stingelin, S., & Gabay, C. (2004). CD14 Is an Acute-Phase Protein. The Journal of Immunology, 172(7), 4470–4479. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.172.7.4470
Cerami, E., Gao, J., Dogrusoz, U., Gross, B. E., Sumer, S. O., Aksoy, B. A., Jacobsen, A., Byrne, C. J., Heuer, M. L., Larsson, E., Antipin, Y., Reva, B., Goldberg, A. P., Sander, C., & Schultz, N. (2012). The cBio Cancer Genomics Portal: An open platform for exploring multidimensional cancer genomics data. Cancer Discovery, 2(5), 401–404. https://doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-12-0095
Cerami et al. (2017). The CBio Cancer Genomics. Cancer Discov., 32(7), 736–740.
de Bono, J. S., Logothetis, C. J., Molina, A., Fizazi, K., North, S., Chu, L., Chi, K. N., Jones, R. J., Goodman, O. B., Saad, F., Staffurth, J. N., Mainwaring, P., Harland, S., Flaig, T. W., Hutson, T. E., Cheng, T., Patterson, H., Hainsworth, J. D., Ryan, C. J., … Scher, H. I. (2011). Abiraterone and Increased Survival in Metastatic Prostate Cancer. New England Journal of Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa1014618
Gao, J., Aksoy, B. A., Dogrusoz, U., Dresdner, G., Gross, B., Sumer, S. O., Sun, Y., Jacobsen, A., Sinha, R., Larsson, E., Cerami, E., Sander, C., & Schultz, N. (2013). Integrative analysis of complex cancer genomics and clinical profiles using the cBioPortal. Science Signaling, 6(269). https://doi.org/10.1126/scisignal.2004088
Grossman, D. C., Curry, S. J., Owens, D. K., Bibbins-Domingo, K., Caughey, A. B., Davidson, K. W., Doubeni, C. A., Ebell, M., Epling, J. W., Kemper, A. R., Krist, A. H., Kubik, M., Seth Landefeld, C., Mangione, C. M., Silverstein, M., Simon, M. A., Siu, A. L., & Tseng, C. W. (2018). Screening for prostate cancer USPreventive servicestaskforcerecommendation statement. JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association, 319(18), 1901–1913. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2018.3710
Hayes, J. H., & Barry, M. J. (2014). Screening for prostate cancer with the prostate-specific antigen test: A review of current evidence. In JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2014.2085
Hoadley, K. A., Yau, C., Hinoue, T., Wolf, D. M., Lazar, A. J., Drill, E., Shen, R., Taylor, A. M., Cherniack, A. D., Thorsson, V., Akbani, R., Bowlby, R., Wong, C. K., Wiznerowicz, M., Sanchez-Vega, F., Robertson, A. G., Schneider, B. G., Lawrence, M. S., Noushmehr, H., … Laird, P. W. (2018). Cell-of-Origin Patterns Dominate the Molecular Classification of 10,000 Tumors from 33 Types of Cancer. Cell, 173(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2018.03.022
Hua, D., Liu, M. yuan, Cheng, Z. de, Qin, X. jing, Zhang, H. mou, Chen, Y., Qin, G. jian, Liang, G., Li, J. nan, Han, X. feng, & Liu, D. xu. (2009). Small interfering RNA-directed targeting of Toll-like receptor 4 inhibits human prostate cancer cell invasion, survival, and tumorigenicity. In Molecular Immunology (Vol. 46, Issue 15, pp. 2876–2884). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molimm.2009.06.016
Mason, T. E., Ricks-Santi, L., Chen, W., Apprey, V., Joykutty, J., Ahaghotu, C., Kittles, R., Bonney, G., & Dunston, G. M. (2010). Association of CD14 variant with prostate cancer in African American men. Prostate. https://doi.org/10.1002/pros.21060
McNally, C. J., Ruddock, M. W., Moore, T., & McKenna, D. J. (2020). Biomarkers that differentiate benign prostatic hyperplasia from prostate cancer: A literature review. In Cancer Management and Research (Vol. 12, pp. 5225–5241). https://doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S250829
Pezaro, C., Woo, H. H., & Davis, I. D. (2014). Prostate cancer: Measuring PSA. Internal Medicine Journal. https://doi.org/10.1111/imj.12407
Rezania, S., Amirmozaffari, N., Rashidi, N., Mirzadegan, E., Zarei, S., Ghasemi, J., Zarei, O., Katouzian, L., & Zarnani, A. H. (2014). The same and not the same: Heterogeneous functional activation of prostate tumor cells by TLR ligation. Cancer Cell International, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2867-14-54
Saini, S. (2016). PSA and beyond: alternative prostate cancer biomarkers. In Cellular Oncology (Vol. 39, Issue 2, pp. 97–106). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13402-016-0268-6
Szklarczyk, D., Gable, A. L., Nastou, K. C., Lyon, D., Kirsch, R., Pyysalo, S., Doncheva, N. T., Legeay, M., Fang, T., Bork, P., Jensen, L. J., & von Mering, C. (2021). The STRING database in 2021: Customizable protein-protein networks, and functional characterization of user-uploaded gene/measurement sets. Nucleic Acids Research, 49(D1). https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa1074
Thompson, I. M., Ankerst, D. P., Chi, C., Lucia, M. S., Goodman, P. J., Crowley, J. J., Parnes, H. L., & Coltman, C. A. (2005). Operating characteristics of prostate-specific antigen in men with an initial PSA level of 3.0 ng/mL or lower. Journal of the American Medical Association. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.294.1.66
Truong, M., Yang, B., & Jarrard, D. F. (2013). Toward the detection of prostate cancer in urine: A critical analysis. In Journal of Urology (Vol. 189, Issue 2, pp. 422–429). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2012.04.143
Uniprot. (2019). Uniprot.org.br. 2019.
Vuk-Pavlović, S., Bulur, P. A., Lin, Y., Qin, R., Szumlanski, C. L., Zhao, X., & Dietz, A. B. (2010). Immunosuppressive CD14+HLA-DRlow/- monocytes in prostate cancer. Prostate, 70(4), 443–455. https://doi.org/10.1002/pros.21078
World Health Organization. (2019). Indonesia Source GLOBOCAN 2018. International Agency for Research on Cancer.
Yuri, P., Wangge, G., Abshari, F., Satjakoesoemah, A. I. T. W. H., Perdana, N. R., Wijaya, C. D. K., Tansol, C., Tigor, A., Safriadi, F., Kadar, D. D., Warli, S. M., Rochadi, S., Danarto, Hakim, L., Djatisoesanto, W., Hardjowijoto, S., Mochtar, C. A., Umbas, R., & Hamid, A. R. iza. A. H. (2015). Indonesian prostate cancer risk calculator (IPCRC): an application for predicting prostate cancer risk (a multicenter study). Acta Medica Indonesiana.
Published
2021-12-27
How to Cite
RAHMADIANTO, hajid.
PROFILE OF CD14 PROTEIN EXPRESSION IN URINE OF PROSTATE CANCER PATIENTS: PRELIMINARY STUDY AS A NON-INVASIVE BIOMARKERS CANDIDATE DEVELOPMENT.
Mandala Of Health, [S.l.], v. 14, n. 2, p. 74-82, dec. 2021.
ISSN 2615-6954.
Available at: <http://jos.unsoed.ac.id/index.php/mandala/article/view/5122>. Date accessed: 19 apr. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.20884/1.mandala.2021.14.2.5122.
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Articles
