A Stylistic Analysis of Imperative Mood on Hannah Baker’s Monologue-13 Reasons Why (Season 1)

Available online: 30/06/2021 Abstract. The appearance of a sentence that is continuously uttered by the speaker becomes a style or characteristic of the speaker. This can be seen in a series entitled 13 Reasons Why in which the main character, Hannah Baker, uttered many imperative moods. This research focuses on how the use of one form of sentences, namely imperative or what is called as imperative mood, can give a stylistic effect that appears on the utterances of Hannah Baker in a monologue. This research uses a qualitative method that aims 1) to find out the forms of the imperative mood; and 2) to find out the functions of the form of the imperative mood using the theory of Aikhenvald (2010). By observing and transcribing, the data can be found, which then can be identified to find out the imperative sentence, what form and function of it. Through these things, a conclusion can be drawn about how the character of Hannah Baker's is seen from the imperative mood that she utters and what meaning she wants to convey through the imperative mood. This research uses purposive sampling in collecting the data. Based on the results of the study, 54 imperatives mood were found in the monologue. The findings reveal two forms of imperatives namely canonical imperative as many as 77.78% and non-canonical imperative as many as 22.22%. The functions of imperatives found include: 1. Orders, commands, demands (only commands), 2. Requests, pleas, entreaties, 3. Advice, recommendations, warnings, 4. Instructions and expository directives, 5. Invitations, 6. Permission, 7. Acceptance, 8. Incredulous rejection, and 9. Self-deliberation. From the results obtained, it can be seen that the most dominant function is instruction, which is 16.67%. From this result, it can be known that Hannah Baker wanted to show each incident in detail that caused her suicide through her monologue in 13 Reasons Why (Season 1).


INTRODUCTION
People can confess their feeling, spoken or written, through a style in their own ways. It is in line with Kane's (2000) statement that style is the result of strategy, the language that makes the strategy works, immediate and obvious, and flexible. Style is capable of almost endless variation but one thing, it is not a superficial fanciness brushed over the basic ideas. Hence, we can know that style is a way in language that can be seen easily or prominent and flexible. Flexible means that language is easily changed based on what the creator, writer, or speaker wants in making some variations based on the speaker's style.
I want to examine every utterance delivered by Hannah Baker's monologue in "13 Reasons Why" through her tape in Netflix series. The monologue appears in each episode as the theme, and is used to deliver the story interestingly since it gives a different style with the other series.
According to Downing and Locke (2006), there are two major moods in language, namely the indicative mood, and the imperative mood. The indicative is the grammatical typically used for the exchange of information, in contrast to the imperative, which grammaticalizes acting on others to get things done by requesting or ordering. It is used to make a factual statement or asking for a question. The imperative mood is a sentence that includes a verb used to express a command. Downing and Locke (2006) divided the indicative mood into three. They are declarative (making a statement), interrogative (making a question), and exclamative (making an exclamation).
As Simpson (2004) mentioned that the purpose of stylistics is to explore language, and, more specifically, to explore creativity in language use. Doing stylistics thereby enriches our ways of thinking about language, and as observed, exploring how language offers a substantial purchase on our understanding of texts. Thus, we know that doing stylistic research also opens our minds to explore and observe language that is used at any point. Stylistics is a branch of linguistics that focuses on analyzing language styles and can be used to understand why writers or speakers tend to use certain words or expressions. In this case, Hannah Baker often uttered imperative sentences in the series entitled 13 Reasons Why, and can be studied deeper by using stylistics to find out what are the forms and functions of the use of these imperatives. Aikhenvald (2010) stated that there are two kinds of imperative constructions. The first imperative construction is called as canonical (second person addressee). Canonical imperative is marked with second-person addressee, such as "you" or second person possessive "your". Other than that, canonical imperative is also divided into two. Those are singular addressee (Imperatives with a singular addressee), and plural addressee (Addressing more than one person). In English, canonical imperative has three defining properties. First, the most striking structural characteristic of an imperative is that it can be done implicitly. Since the speaker has an authority over the addressee, the subject here can be covert, and the addressees will understand that the imperative is the directed command for them. Second, the imperative in English has either a main verb in the base form or (less commonly) an auxiliary in the base form followed by the appropriate form of the main verb. It consists of verb to order people to do something. The third one, it requires the presence of negation, or when the imperative is 'emphatically affirmative'. In other words, canonical can be used to refuse something or emphasize an agreement.
The second imperative construction is called as non-canonical. Non-canonical imperative is imperative with the first-or third-person addressee, and it can be inclusive or exclusive. Inclusive means that it implies the participant of addressee, such as the word "us" including I as the speaker and You as the addressee. Inclusive non-canonical imperative (you and I) can be used as a polite alternative to a second person or the canonical one. Since an imperative sound bold and it can cause offense so inclusive here can make it smooth by commanding not only the addressee but also involve the speaker or even the other people. Another one is exclusive, which in a simple word is an imperative without the addressee and usually intended for the speakers themselves.
This research discusses the use of imperative form or mood and the stylistic effects of imperative based on its functions. Imperative includes the parallelism which means a sequence of events dealing with a particular topic in good order. Additionally, imperative recognizes a useful device for instructions called as parallelism. It makes the listener or viewer concentrate well on the message and know what to do. This analysis' purposes are to find out the use of imperative mood and its functions as a style in the language used by Hannah Baker to convey everything that she wants to convey. This stylistics research employed the theory of Aikhenvald (2010) as the main theory.

RESEARCH METHOD
This research belongs to descriptive qualitative method which concern on giving information in describing meanings. According to Creswell (2014), qualitative research is an approach for exploring and understanding the meaning individuals or groups ascribe to a social or human problem. This research is conducted by employing a descriptive qualitative method since it can be used to find out the functions of imperative mood in directive meaning that is realized in the monologue.
The primary data, downloaded in January 13, 2019 in an application called XX1 Lite, were contained a full version of the series, since the monologue of Hannah Baker randomly appear from the beginning until the end. In addition, the researcher used secondary data in the form of transcription of Hannah Baker monologue. The transcripts were downloaded from tvsubtitles.net. The step of collecting the data in this research are downloading the series, observing the whole episodes of season 1, transcribing the monologue uttered by Hannah Baker. The steps to analyze the data are identifying the imperative moods that are found in the main data, finding out the types or construction of imperative moods in the monologue, describing the functions in directive meaning of the imperative moods to convey the message from the monologue, and drawing a conclusion about the stylistic effects found in the use of the imperative moods and the functions of imperative moods to convey the message based on Hannah Baker's life in that series.

IMPERATIVE FORMS
In Hannah Baker's utterances, there are two kinds of imperative forms, namely canonical imperative and non-canonical imperative based on the theory from Aikhenvald (2010). There are 42 out of 54 data categorized as canonical imperatives. Then, the remaining 12 data belong to non-canonical imperatives. Canonical imperative is a form of imperative that is most commonly used in this monologue. It can be seen that the canonical imperative is 77.78% and the noncanonical imperative is only 22.22% as can be seen in the following table. Canonical Form 1. Do negation The monologue "Do not take me for granted" appeared when Clay moved from his seat on the edge of the cliff, hurried on his bicycle while listening to Hannah Baker's voice through the walkman until he crashed into a car off the road and fell.
The imperative form that is found in the monologue is called as canonical imperative, since it is directly addressed the listener even by hiding the subject. Further, the canonical imperative in that monologue also involves the third defining property that is the presence of do with negation, which means that Hannah Baker as a speaker did not want to be underestimated or to be ignored. In this monologue, Hannah Baker used the imperative mood to show what she felt when she was alive. People around her often made her felt to be underestimated and she did not get a proper appreciation, until that feeling killed her. So that, in the next utterance she said "not again" which explains that she had ever experienced it and she did not want to be like that anymore. Moreover, in her utterance, the imperative mood implies that Hannah Baker is someone who does not want to be dumped or underestimated by the people around her.

The subject can be covert
After Clay Jensen managed to take Tony's Walkman, he went and sat on the edge of the cliff as he began to insert the tape into the walkman, and the monologue sound as "rewind the tapes, put them back in the box, and pass them on to the next person." appeared.
In this case, Hannah Baker provided steps that can be done by the listener if they want to know the story in more detail and also instructed the things to be done by the listener after listening to the recording. This monologue considered as canonical imperative because the subject is hidden. This belongs to canonical imperative criteria because it consists of command where the subject is displayed implicitly. However, the addressee can immediately feel that the instructions of the speaker are intended only for the addressee. 3. The use of possessive pronoun "your".
The instruction "Put your finger on "C," your other finger on "4." Bring them together." uttered by Hannah Baker when there is a flashback scene when Hannah and Clay were still working together. In that imperative mood, there is a possessive pronoun marked by one word in the form of "your" which indicates an ownership of the second person addressee "you". Therefore, the imperative mood is called as the canonical imperative which makes an instruction that is paralleled each other to get a goal. In this case the goal is the clue of the first place that Hannah Baker would like to share in her monologue. 4. The second person addressee "you".
The monologue "you need to be very, very quiet." arose when Clay Jensen came out through a window next to the roof of his house carefully wearing headset. It was said by Hannah Baker to give an advice to the addressee to be very careful in following her instruction. From this existing imperative mood, it is clear that the imperative mood is really addressed directly to the addressee or the person who is listening to the monologue by saying the word "you" as the canonical imperative.

Plural addressees
The monologue "A-4 on your map, kids." appeared after the scene of a Clay Jensen who tries to get out of his house. Then various scenes of Hannah Baker's friends' activities raised, like Jessica who is combing her hair in her room, Justin who is sitting and smoking, and Alex who is in his room while looking at his laptop. Then, back again into Clay's scene. He is coming down the edge of the wall of his house.
It can be seen that the imperative mood is canonical marked by "your" which refers to "kids" which is plural addressees. This indicates that there will not only be one person listening to Hannah Baker's recording but the tapes will rotate to all of her friends discussed in the recording made by Hannah Baker before she committed suicide, as can be seen in her story line that it was not just Clay Jensen who listened to the tapes, but there were other friends who had also listened to it. Further, the word "kids" is a sign that shows the addressee is of more than one person. This canonical imperative was used by Hannah Baker to give an instruction to her friends.

The use of a main verb
Hannah Baker and her mother were in her room, talked about Valentine's Day and what her parents did on Valentine's Day. Then the monologue "So shoot me I still believed in romance." emerged. That utterance belongs to the canonical imperative because there is a main verb in the form of the word "shoot". Here, the imperative mood itself of course not an utterance to depict that Hannah Baker as a speaker really wants to be shot, but rather as if asking her addressee to trust her because she still believes in the romance of love, without bringing up the subject or second person addressee but directly by applying the verb. Hannah Baker used the imperative mood as the freshest command sentence, such as convince her addressee to trust her.
A Stylistic Analysis of Imperative Mood on Hannah Baker's Monologue -13 Reasons Why (Season 1)-Rosa Gita Cahyani (page.1-17) 6 Non-Canonical Form 1. Third person addressee After meeting Tony in the cafeteria, Clay Jensen reached the front door, met and slightly looked at Mr. Porter and Justin Foley, then the monologue "And stick around, Justin." comes up. By mentioning someone's name called "Justin" as third person addressee, it shows that the imperative mood is classified as a noncanonical imperative.

First person addressee
The monologue "Okay. Enough with the small talk. It's time to meet the star of Tape One, Side B. So, without further ado, let me introduce my former friend.
Step up, Jessica Davis. You're next." appeared when Clay was in a basketball court and chatted with one of the coaches, hurried to the classroom, sat in his chair, took out his book, then saw Jessica entering the classroom.
This utterance consists of an imperative mood which is a non-canonical imperative. The first is the utterance "Let me introduce my former friend" which is marked by the first-person addressee "me", and shows that Hannah Baker requested so that she will be able to introduce her friend. The second is "Let me" as an exclusive sentence, which means that it only involves the speaker without an addressee.

Inclusive
Clay arrived at the Blue Spot liquor store by riding his bicycle after chatting with Alex at Monet. At that time, this monologue "Let's go to E-3 on your maps, everyone." appeared.
Hannah Baker used these words as an instruction to herself and her addressee to go to the next place so that the addressee will find out what happened there. "Let's" is a significant sign as a determinant of the imperative mood into non-canonical or not. The word "us" is a sign of the first-person plural which involves the speaker and addressee. It also belongs to inclusive-non-canonical imperative. From the explanation, there are two things that were found in the monologue. The first thing is the word "us" which is a first person as one of the characteristics of non-canonical imperative. The second one is the word "Let's" which is inclusive and also a characteristic of non-canonical imperatives. These imperative moods are categorized as a non-canonical imperative that Hannah Baker said as an instruction.

Inclusive in the form of first-person addressee
Clay Jensen, sat in a café, kept quiet, took the tape 12, put it in the walkman, and then pressed the button to listen to the recording. The monologue "Here we are. Tape 12. If you've listened this far and haven't heard your name, well, I bet you know exactly what's coming now. Or maybe you don't have any idea. Could that be true? Could a person be that sick? Let's find out. But first we have to start at the beginning of the worst day of my life." emerged.
Both imperative moods belong to inclusive non-canonical imperatives because they involve the speaker and the addressee. This shows that the subject in the imperative mood with the first-person addressee are the use of the word "us", and the word "we" as first person plural addressee.

IMPERATIVE FUNCTIONS
Among 54 data or imperatives mood found, there are only 9 functions that can be observed. The most imperative mood appeared is the fourth function (instruction) that is 16.67% in total. Conversely, the fewest data found is the functions with 1 imperative mood in each data which are only 1.85%. This can be seen from the following table. The table shows that imperative mood has its variety in the monologue of Hannah Baker. The most dominant form of imperative that appeared in the monologue is canonical imperative and the function of imperative in directive meaning that appeared most is instruction.

Commands
Order, command and demand have different meaning of imperative. The utterances done by Hannah Baker belong to imperative mood functioning as commands. These utterances show that Hannah Baker used commands to reveal the message that she wants a full attention of the listener, tell that her life was about dream, purpose, and decision, opens the listener mind that someone needs to be respected and never judge without knowing the real fact.

Command
(2) "Now, don't say you're too afraid or that you don't feel comfortable doing this kind of thing,"

Command
(3) "Dream big, they say. Shoot for the stars." Command The first monologue appears in the beginning of the first episode. When Clay Jensen came home after school, received a bunch of tape, then listened to it. Hannah Baker did not care what tools are used by her listeners. She commands her listeners to just listen without considering the device condition, as long as it works. She just wanted to be heard. In this case, it can be seen that the imperative mood in the first monologue is to illustrate that all she wants was only a full attention of her listener.
Example (2) shows when Clay Jensen managed to get out by sneaking through the windows of his house, and then he rode his bicycle to a place that has been shown by Hannah in a map. From the monologue it can be seen that the command from Hannah Baker opens our mind that humans are not only social creatures but also visual creatures where people love to see. Yet, her experience turns out to be something that feels less comfortable when a photo of her privacy with Courtney spread to her friends, but the thing that happened in the photo was not the truth. It made her feel shy and inferior.
Example (3) shows a monologue appears when the six students namely Zach, Justin, Jessica, Alex, Courtney, and Marcus were sitting in a chair inside the basketball court. They discussed about the Hanah Baker's problem that involved their names. Then, the scene changed into Hannah Baker who entered the basketball court when it was college and career fair attended by many stands from various communities. The command indicate that in life, everyone must have a dream. It is followed by another command "Shoot for the stars." which has inside meaning that everyone must have a purpose in life; stars here are parables for purposes. From the two imperative sentences, it can be drawn that Hannah Baker wanted to tell us that her life was about dream, purpose, and decision by using this imperative mood that function as commands.

Request, Please, Entreaties
From the monologue, we can find some imperative moods function shown in the following table. Hannah Baker requested her listener to look further into the truth. She gave a rather serious and formal impression, described curiosity, and made this request so that her purpose to be heard can be achieved properly.

Monologue
Function (4) "See, I've heard so many stories about me now Request that I don't know which one is the most popular." (5) "Please don't leave." Please (6) "Step up, Jessica Davis." Entreaty Example (4) shows Hannah Baker's monologue when Clay Jensen was sitting on a Eisenhower park bench while listening to Hannah Baker's tape and imagining Hannah and Justin play around in the park. Then, Clay went from the park to get back home and lay in his bed while he was taking the tape of Hannah Baker and listened to it again. Hannah Baker requested the listener to look further into the truth that she could not say when she was still alive. Thus, the word "see" is an imperative mood to make a request that she wanted the listener to not just believe everything easily.
In example (5) is at Jessica's party. Clay Jensen and Hannah Baker were in Jessica's room. They had body contact and were going about to have sex but then Hannah remembered all of the things that she faced in the past, such as those bullies against her body which made her traumatized. Thus, she just wanted to be alone even from Clay. She shooed Clay, and part of this monologue appeared. It is very clear that there is only one word, "please" which functions as imperative mood. Through her words she wants to express her true emotion. When she shooed Clay, she did not want Clay to follow her words to leave. She command this because she remembered the things that were harassing her so she became unclearly angry. Moreover, the sentence actually does not only function for pleas but also involves self-deliberation which is also related to the mind of the speaker to express the opposite feeling of the speaker herself.
Example (6) shows a monologue "Step up, Jessica Davis " uttered by Hannah Baker to entreat someone before she mentioned her name. In addition, it gave a serious and formal impression about one of her friends named Jessica Davis. Through her utterance Hannah gave the listener a clue that the next part in her tape is about Jessica.

Advice, Recommendations, Warnings
The data of imperative moods that function as advice, recommendation and warning are marked with the words "you see", "do", "no", "don't", "see", "keep your wits about you", and "you should know" that it can be found in accordance with the existing context. Hannah Baker posed a bit of a threat because she wanted to be truly obeyed. The utterance makes the listener become paranoid since Hannah already died. The imperative mood used to reinforce the next sentence she wanted to say, to convince listener and also to warn the listener not to try what she did. Example (7) appeared when Clay Jensen walked through the hallway of the school with a little hallucination and headed for his personal locker. The sentence is categorized into advice because Hannah Baker's words provided an input that should be done by the listener. Then, Hannah Baker's emphasized her command through "So keep your wits about you." is an imperative mood that functions as advice. She wanted her listeners to think quickly for the story that they did not expect at that time.
Example (8) appeared when Clay Jensen who continued to follow instructions from Hannah Baker arrived in front Hannah Baker's window room, stood between the bushes and looked at the room. Hannah Baker's parents were inside, argued about their daughter reasons for committing suicide. Clay continued to stare at Hannah's room from outside. Then it changed to the scene where Clay was in his bed and opened the photo of Hannah which was taken by Tyler Down. The sentence asks addressee to know about something. The imperative mood, spoken by Hannah Baker, functions to recommend the listener to know about Hannah Baker who was very disturbed by a stalker that took several photos of herself secretly through her window's room. Further, this imperative mood "You should know" is also used to convince her listeners to know how disturbed she is, and she could not even sleep well.
Example (9) shows the monologue in a flashback scene when Hannah and Clay were still working together, they were chatting in front of their workplace, a cinema called Crestmont. At that time Hannah invited Clay to come to a party that was held at Hannah's house. The scene was a companion views that if Clay followed Hannah's instructions according to the map, Clay would arrive at the first house where Hannah had her party at the time. Then it back to the scene when Clay Jensen who was riding his bicycle while holding a map in his right hand. Hannah warned her addressees not to use any direction tools such as Google Maps or other applications so that everything could be more emotional because they can feel Hannah Baker's painful and disappointment. In that monologue, a warning uttered by Hannah Baker exists to make the listener understand more about her feeling at that time.

Instructions and Expository directives
The instructions in the monologue of Hannah Baker are parallelism since one instruction relates each other. Hannah Baker used those imperative moods as instructions to make her story well-organized, to give clues to the listener with instructions sentence by sentence, to engage the listener to keep listening to her voice. Here, Hannah Baker showed us the truth of her feeling. This can be seen through the following table   Table 6. Examples of Instructions and Expository directives

Monologue
Function (10) Rewind the tapes, put them back in the box, Instruction and pass them on to the next person.
(11) Describe yourself, and describe what you're looking for in someone else.

Expository Directive
Example (10) shows the monologue after Clay Jensen managed to take Tony's walkman. Then, Clay went and sat on the edge of the cliff accompanied by a great view. This monologue appeared when he began to insert the tape into the walkman. The sentence was spoken by Hannah Baker to provide some rules for the listener when they have finished listening to her. In this case, Hannah Baker really wanted her friends, mentioned by her in every tape she made one by one, to listen and know about everything that would be told by her. This sequential instruction increasingly explains that Hannah Baker really wanted her story to be neatly organized so that her goal can be heard and carried out. Additionally, those utterances function as instructions. Hannah Baker said that in her monologue there is something that must be done by the listener.
Example (11) shows a monologue when Hannah Baker was reminding listeners about Valentine's Day at school, this monologue appeared in the early part of episode 6th, when Hannah Baker was filling out a survey on a red paper with the title above "Oh My Dollar Valentine" in her class, and glanced at Clay Jensen who was sitting behind her. Hannah Baker explained the instructions as a first step to uncover what actually happened at The Dollar Valentine she experienced at the time. She wrote her expectation about Clay Jensen to become her valentine, but she got another man who became her valentine's partner and gave a bad impression on her Valentine moment at that time. The point of the analysis above is this imperative mood consists of two instructions to describe. Those are questions written in school activity paper, dealing with school activity so it considered as expository directive, and gives the listener guide to do something right in accordance with Valentine 's Day event in the school. Through it all, Hannah Baker showed us the truth of her feeling.

Invitations
There are imperative moods as invitations, such as 1) Get a snack. Settle in. 2) But fear not, we'll get through this.
Step by step, tape by tape. You and me. Together. And don't forget... there are others. 3) Can you hear it? Listen. 4) let's start with the part of the party that I left out. 5) Let's find out. Through those invitations, Hannah Baker intends to invite the listener to prepare before they listen to her tape. She wants to make a relax impression for the listener. Those imperative moods also invite the listener to believe in herself. Through her utterances, she invited the listener to be more curious and more ready to listen to the story about the truth that she was about to tell. Example (12) shows a monologue uttered by Hannah Baker. The combination of interrogative sentences (question sentences) and imperative sentences (command sentences) is a perfect way for illustrating something in the audio form spoken by Hannah Baker. The sentence seemed to convince the listener that Hannah Baker's heart was beating fast. Through these words she invited her listeners to believe that she was nervous when recording her own voice in front of the stalker's who had been following her and it was her turn to try to spy on her stalker. With a verb that is an imperative called "Listen", the word makes the atmosphere felt by the listener even more real and Hannah Baker wanted to try to make her listener understand about the thing she felt at that moment. Thus, the combination of both interrogative and imperative is a good way to convey some messages. The word "Listen" here is an invitation. Hannah Baker used those utterances to invite the listener to believe in herself. She wanted to show that her nervousness was real that time.
Example (13) shows a monologue when Justin and Jessica were arguing about their problem involving Bryce. On tape 12 Hannah tells about Bryce. Then, this monologue appeared with Clay Jensen who was sitting alone in a café called Monnet. He put his walkman and headset on his table and began listening to Hannah Baker's tape again. In the monologue, there was found an imperative mood, "Let's find out". The imperative mood functions as an invitation. It is spoken by Hannah Baker through the voice on the tape that she shared with her friend. Since Hannah Baker is a main character who committed suicide, every word on the tape is a mystery for people. From the imperative mood "Let's find out", it can be seen that here she kept secret during her life regarding the very bad behavior of her own friend namely Bryce Walker towards her. Hannah invited her listeners to find out the truth that was Bryce Walker's behavior very destructive to her life. Followed by an instruction "But first we have to start at the beginning of the worst day of my life." also illustrates that Hannah Baker has gone through a variety of bitterness in her life, and she invited the listener to come into a story that is very traumatic for her and made her losing her self-esteem. This imperative mood found in that monologue has a function as invitation. Through the words, Hannah Baker invited the listener to know more about the truth that broke her life.

Permission
There are 2 data permissions that can be seen in the following table.  (15) appeared in Dollar Valentine day, when Hannah Baker who was disappointed and upset because she was treated unfavorably by a schoolmate named Marcus in a place to eat where many young people hang out there. Zach with his kind heart came to Hannah, who was sitting and crying, and tried to comfort her. The imperative mood functions as permission because Hannah allows her listener besides Zach to remain calm. Hannah Baker said the imperative mood to provide a little information to the listener that in the tape she would discuss one of her friends named Zach, and allowed others to calm down because this time the tape is not about them.

Acceptance
There is only one acceptance found in this research that can be seen in the following table. stars. Or, you know, just throw the map away and I'll never know ... or will I?" is considered as an acceptance since it gives option to the listener.

Incredulous rejection
Incredulous rejection means something that is used in an imperative mood to express a rejection of something that cannot be trusted or to show disbelief. There is also an incredulous rejection when Hannah Baker said "let's just say" in the middle of her utterances when she delivered what she experienced and it was difficult for her to digest or believe that something was really happened. This imperative mood as incredulous rejection makes Hannah Baker easier to tell her disbelief to the listener.

Incredulous rejection
Example (17) shows a monologue when Clay Jensen visited Hannah Baker's house and hitched a ride to the bathroom. After he finished, he accidentally saw Hannah Baker's room and remembered Hannah Baker's story about Courtney whose picture was taken by Tyler Down. In the incident that night, Hannah Baker and her friend, named Courtney, were drunk. This made everything feel very fast. Hannah could not believe what had happened to her, when Courtney kissed her and it turned out there was a stalker who took their photo from outside, Tyler Down was the one who took it. When saying this, Hannah found it difficult to tell what was happening at the time, but to dismiss the feeling of difficulty she used the imperative mood as a way to express her distrust or disbelief of it. In addition, the utterance "let's just say" can function as incredulous rejection based in the context when Hannah Baker said that. Hannah Baker used this imperative mood in the middle of her story, because she could not believe what was happening in that night. This imperative mood as incredulous rejection makes Hannah Baker easier to tell her disbelief to the listener.

Self-deliberation
The last function is self-deliberation. There are 2 imperative moods function as self-deliberation that can be seen in the following table. Through these words Hannah Baker would like to say that she wanted to be honest with her friends, and also by showing the opposite thought of her about loneliness it shows her actual feelings. Table 11.Examples of Self-deliberation Monologue Function (18) Part of me was saying, "Ask me again." -But part of me was saying, "Don't go."

Self-deliberation
(19) But let me tell you about Self-deliberation being lonely.
Example (18) shows a monologue when Clay Jensen was opening the lock his bicycle which he parked in front of his workplace together with Hannah named Crestmont. He and Hannah chatted each other standing there in their work uniforms, equipped with jackets that gave the atmosphere that it was the time they were ready to come home from work. Then, Hannah Baker kept staring at Clay, who was about to leave while pedaling her bicycle across the road and Hannah Baker smiled at him. In the monologue, the sentence "Part of me was saying," Ask me again." -But part of me was saying, "Don't go." is an imperative mood that functions as self-deliberation. In the monologue, Hannah Baker uttered an imperative mood such as "Ask me again" which she then reiterated that at that time she also wanted to say "Don't go" to herself. It was said by Hannah Baker as a self-deliberation that actually Hannah wanted to keep Clay Jensen to keep chatting with her but she could not express it directly, which she finally decided to follow her heart to not leave the place and only see Clay who just left, and then Hannah Baker looked happy because she liked Clay. Self-deliberation here is not spoken directly to the listener but the imperative mood is only in Hannah Baker's own mind which she could not express, and the second imperative mood, "Don't go" is thought by her, aimed at her and worked on by her. In other words, the imperative mood there is one of the self-deliberations that found in the monologue this time. By using those imperatives mood, appeared in Hannah Baker's mind she wanted to express her feeling and showed the listener what she felt at time and she just could say that to herself. Example (19) shows a monologue uttered by Hannah Baker. This monologue appears at the beginning of episode 7th. The scene shows us loneliness between the crowds and continued to Clay's quiet room. Inside, there is only Clay Jensen who was sitting alone and used a headset on his ears. In the monologue, Hannah Baker said the phrase "but let me tell you about being lonely" to express what she really felt, there was a loneliness which was a big thing for her and made her life worse than before. Thus, the self-deliberation used by Hannah Baker makes her conveyed her true feeling about everything, and the real of committed suicide. She wanted to be honest and had no secrets to others who listen to her voice through her tapes. In addition, the imperative mood "but let me tell you about being lonely." is included in the function of self-deliberation. This imperative mood shows the opposite thought of her about loneliness which actually is a heavy feeling for her.

CONCLUSION
Based on the data analyzed, the function most commonly found in Hannah Baker monologue is instruction, the fourth function. This shows that in Hannah Baker's voice that she recorded right before she committed suicide, there were many instructions that explain every story of the incident she experienced. Furthermore, there are 54 data in total that are imperative moods. From all of the 54 data in the discussion shown in the previous chapter, 41 data are displayed to represent each of the variation. The 41 data consist of 10 data that are displayed in the imperative forms, and the remaining 31 data are displayed in the function of