Comparative Study of Residence Demography With The Duration of Exclusive Breastfeeding in Infants (Secondary Analysis: Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey Data (IDHS) 2017

The duration of breastfeeding is influenced by sociodemographic, biomedical, and psychosocial factors. This study aims to analyze the comparison of the duration of breastfeeding for 6-month infants between rural and urban areas in Indonesia using data from the Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) 2017. This study analyzes secondary data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) with crossectional study design and sample of namely infants aged 6 months as many as 15316 subjects. The independent variable in this study is the sociodemographic characteristics of the place of residence (rural/urban). The dependent variable in this study is the duration of breastfeeding. Data processing and analysis was carried out using the Chi Square Test. Chi square test showed the value of p = 0.00 (p <0.05). This shows that there is a significant difference between the duration of exclusive breastfeeding in urban and rural areas. There are differences in the demographic factors of rural (rural) and urban (urban) residence with the duration of exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months for infants.


INTRODUCTION
Proper feeding is very important for the growth and development of children. Proper feeding can also prevent malnutrition in children. In this regard, UNICEF and WHO have recommended exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months, followed by solid food when the child is 6 months old, and breastfeeding until the child is 2 years old. 1 The duration of breastfeeding is related to various factors. short-term and long-term impacts. Breastfeeding has been reported to be associated with child intelligence and economic loss globally. 2 Longer duration of breastfeeding has been reported to be associated with reduced incidence of Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI), reduced incidence of diarrhea, constipation, and fever in children. 3 Benefits of longer breastfeeding for mothers has also been reported by various previous studies.

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Breastfeeding is proven to improve pancreatic cell function in mothers with a history of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)). 4 The duration of breastfeeding is a health practice that is influenced by sociodemographic, biomedical, and psychosocial factors. Living in a non-slum environment is associated with lower duration of breastfeeding and higher use of formula milk. 5 Rural urban characteristics are associated with duration of breastfeeding. Previous research reported that the average duration of breastfeeding for children living in rural areas in Asia was significantly higher than for children living in urban areas (14.8 months: 12 months). 6 The 2017 IDHS data shows that the median duration of breastfeeding in Indonesia is 21.8 months. This .

METHODS
The design of this research is a literature study using secondary data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey with crossectional study design . This survey is a national-scale survey that is carried out regularly every 5 years.The population in this study were mothers with 6month-old infants in both rural and urban areas as many as 15316 respondents. Respondents who answered they did not know, gave empty/incomplete or missing answers were excluded from this study. The number of samples included in this study were 15316 samples. The independent variables are rural residence and urban residence. The dependent variable is the duration of breastfeeding. Table 1, it shows that the most maternal age category is in the age group < 20 years in urban areas as well as in rural groups, while the most occupational category of mothers is not working in urban areas as well as in rural areas.       In urban areas with the second highest number of jobs are employees, although the results of the study show that their work status is not working but this is only temporary until you spend 3 months on maternity leave, so when you return to work it will be easy to use breastfeeding room facilities because almost every office has these facilities, of course this will be much different in urban areas where there are almost no breastfeeding room facilities at the time. nursing mothers work in the fields.

Based on
Factors husband and family environment is no less important.
When the husband is able to provide support and play a role as a team in child care, it will increase a mother's confidence, having an impact on improving the quality of breastfeeding. 9 The support of health workers and birth attendants is also a fairly important factor. It is proven that the recommendation and prescription of formula milk from health care providers at the time of delivery or one week after delivery is significantly related to breastfeeding and formula feeding in infants. 10

CONCLUSION AND RECCOMENDATION
The duration of breastfeeding is the highest duration in exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months to infants in rural areas, with a percentage of 55.2%. Duration of breastfeeding is the highest duration in exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months to infants in urban areas, with a percentage of 56.7%. There are differences in the duration of exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months for infants both in rural (rural) and urban (urban) areas.
The exclusive breastfeeding program can be redesigned by considering demographic factors. People in rural areas need programs that encourage in-depth knowledge, attitudes and behaviors about the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding compared to people in urban areas which are better than people in rural areas.